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What can you do to help predict if you will have an aftershock or a future earthquake?
Answers
Answer:
aftershock is your ans as we not presented future earthquake
Answer:
earthquakes are very unpredictable and till now no scientific method has been devised to predict an earthquake
but still there have been some attempts of predicting earthquakes, these include:
1) ANIMAL BEHAVIOUR
When an earthquake struck the ancient Greek cities of Helike and Boura in 373 BC, reports claimed they were devoid of animals: In the days prior to the quake, rats, weasels, snakes, and insects were recorded fleeing the area. These stories of apparently clairvoyant creatures abound, but scientists have had trouble pinning down how animals might be able to sense future quakes. Research on the topic is fraught, since studies usually come after the fact and risk applying retroactive significance. In a 1981 study that controlled for this, researchers found that unusual animal behavior could only be significantly tied with one of the four earthquakes investigated. As the paper puts forward, not all earthquakes are identical; each earthquake may have its own unique precursors, only some of which may be apparent to animals.
2) RADON GAS EMMISION
After the 1966 Tashkent earthquake in Russia, scientists observed a strange spike in the concentration of radon—a colorless, odorless, and tasteless radioactive gas—in groundwater near the epicenter. They speculated radon had been bubbling into the water for several days before the quake, which could make it a potential, and highly useful, earthquake precursor. Experiments had shown that rocks do emit significantly more radon gas under stress. What’s more, radon’s radioactivity makes it easy to spot, and its short half-life means it cannot diffuse far from its source. Yet after examining 125 radon observations from 86 earthquakes between 1966-2002, the International Commission on Earthquake Forecasting for Civil Protection found no significant correlation between the two. Often, gas releases are only at sites far from the earthquake’s epicenter, and highly monitored faults like the San Andreas have not shown any regular radon releases that would support this hypothesis.
One paper that utilized a database of over 13,042 earthquakes still could not find a statistically significant correlation with Earth’s tides.
3)EARTHQUAKE LIGHTS
Earthquake stories both ancient and modern have sometimes been accompanied by tales of strange lights: lightning that comes from the ground, floating orbs, even displays that resemble bluish flames. Little surprise that these lights were often seen as religious portents, or even alien visitors. However, recent research has shown that igneous rocks under seismic stress could actually produce the lights. During laboratory experiments, researchers have found that these rocks accumulate electric charges as stress deforms them. It’s theorized these charges could build into a plasma-like state that illuminates in air. Though geophysicists aren’t completely sold, the phenomenon is now more than conspiracy-theory fodder—but because earthquake lights are relatively rare, they have limited usefulness for predicting events.
4) ELECTRIC SIGNALS
In 1981, a group of Greek seismologists began publishing papers about a new method to predict earthquakes on a short-term basis: the “VAN” method, an amalgam of the researchers’ initials. The team measures electro-telluric signals, electric voltages conducted through the ground, recorded on specially calibrated instruments. Using these tests, the group has claimed many successful earthquake predictions, but their method is still highly disputed; critics have claimed that the VAN method’s successful predictions of earthquakes could be statistically attributed to chance. This hasn’t dissuaded the VAN team, however. The group revised its methods in 2001, and since then has claimed to have predicted 25 of 28 major earthquakes in the Mediterranean region.
5) SYZYGY
In the 1980s, a self-appointed climatologist named Iben Browning gained notoriety when he forecast that a major earthquake would occur on the New Madrid Fault, in Missouri, within 48 hours of December 3, 1990. Browning said he had calculated when the tides were exerting maximum force on Earth’s crust due to its alignment with the moon and sun—an idea known as syzygy, speculated to influence earthquakes since at least the 1700s. Yet December 3 came and went, and no earthquake stuck. Browning wasn’t the first to stymy science and the public alike with syzygy; scientists have long searched for some correlation between tides and earthquake frequency, yet the results have been largely inconclusive. The contribution of tides to earthquakes is likely tiny overall, and restricted to only certain places on the planet; one paper that utilized a database of over 13,042 earthquakes still could not find a statistically significant correlation with Earth’s tides.
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