Question

please name 8 incredible laboratories on the earth and about them​

Answer 1

Answer

Deepest Underground Lab

Travelling at orbital altitudes ranging from 330 to 435 km and at a speed averaging 28,000 km/h, the International Space Station is the most extreme science laboratory.

On World Laboratory Day on April 23, check out some of the coolest labs from around the world:

Deepest Underground Lab: SNOLAB, Sudbury Neutrino Observatory, Ontario

Located inside a 2-km-deep nickel mine, it observes deep space phenomena far below the surface of Earth. The lab encompasses 16,404 sq ft of space, while above ground the facility boasts a 10,170 sq ft support building.

Largest Particle Physics Lab

CERN, Geneva, Switzerland and France border

The lab of the European Organization for Nuclear Research houses the Large Hadron Collider — in a tunnel 492 ft below the ground that stretches for 27 km, and there are plans to build another tunnel that will be three times this size. 

Currently, as many as 10,000 scientists and engineers use

Highest Terrestrial Lab

Pyramid Laboratory, Sagarmatha National Park, Nepal

High in the Himalayas, in the Sagarmatha National Park, stands a threestorey-high, pyramidshaped lab and observatory. 

Research extends across subjects. including geology, climate change, environment and human physiology.

Others

4/5

Deepest Underwater Lab

NOAA Aquarius Reef Base, Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary

It is the only one of its kind still in operation. 

Sitting almost 60 ft below the water surface in a marine sanctuary in the Florida Keys, researchers have been studying the ecology of the reef around them. 

The facilities include six bunks and a bathroom, plus windows onto the watery world outside.

Others

5/5

Coldest Physics Laboratory

IceCube Neutrino Observatory, Antarctica

This lab is located in the frozen wastes of Antarctica, under a thick layer of ice. 

Some of the most useful equipment at the forefront of detecting high-energy neutrinos — subatomic particles known to originate from violent astronomical phenomena like exploding stars — are found here.

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Variety of sizes

Researchers said data from the NASA's orbiting Chandra X-ray Observatory allowed them to detect a dozen black holes surrounding Sagittarius A*, the mammoth black hole at the center of our spiral-shaped galaxy.

Black holes, which come in a variety of sizes, are extraordinarily dense entities with gravity so powerful that not even light can escape. 

How many black holes?

The scientists estimated that up to 10,000 black holes dwell within about 3 light years of Sagittarius A*.

"That's a crowd," Columbia University astrophysicist Chuck Hailey, lead author of the study published in the journal Nature, said.

What's Sagittarius A*?

Sagittarius A*, boasting 4 million times the mass of our sun, is located 26,000 light years from Earth.

A light year is the distance light travels in a year, 5.9 trillion miles (9.5 trillion km).

In pic: The center of the Milky Way galaxy, with the supermassive black hole Sagittarius A* (Sgr A*), located in the middle.

Findings

The findings, which confirm decades-old predictions, provide insight into a fundamental aspect of galaxies.

"Since our galaxy is very average, it tells us that the universe is teeming with black holes orbiting near their supermassive black holes, because most galaxies have supermassive black holes," Hailey said.

How are they produced?

The newly detected black holes, all produced by the collapse of massive dying stars, are rare ones that captured and bound themselves to a passing star, forming what is called a stellar binary.

Black holes in isolation are hard to find, but the X-ray signatures of stellar binaries allowed their detection.

"Black holes can form farther out from the center of the galaxy. They gravitationally interact with stars, cosmic collisions so to speak, and lose energy," Hailey said.

"As they lose energy, they sink to the center of the galaxy, the same way heavy sediment sinks faster than light sediment in water. They get captured by the gravity of the supermassive black hole, catch a star, and voila, you have something we can see X-rays from."

Colossal size

Supermassive black holes arise relatively soon after their galaxies are formed, devouring enormous amounts of gas, dust and stars to achieve colossal size.

Hailey said, "As one black hole grows to such huge size, even if it was not originally in the exact center, it will sink into the center of the

Answer 2

Incredible Laboratories On The Earth

Our scientists work hard day and night in their laboratories to explore the world and to discover new things. Some of the laboratories are situated in extreme environmental conditions.

Some such Incredible Laboratory on the earth

1. SNOLAB Sudbury: It is the world's deepest underground laboratory. It is located inside a nickel mine which is 2 km deep. The laboratory has been built in 5000 sq m of space below ground. A variety of experiments in the fields of geophysics and seismology are conducted here.
2. International Space Station: It is the world's highest altitude laboratory. It orbits the Earth at an orbital altitude, ranging from 330 km to 435 km, with an average speed of 27,724 km/h. It is 239 feet long and 356 feet wide. A variety of experiments in various fields like human biology, meteorology, physics, astronomy, etc. are conducted here. Astronauts from 15 different countries have visited this giant moving laboratory since November 2000.
3. Brookhaven National Laboratory: It is the world's highest temperature-producing laboratory. In February 2010, this laboratory produced a temperature of 4 trillion degrees Celcius (nearly 250,000 times greater than the heat at the Sun's centre). This temperature, the highest ever created by humans, was achieved by colliding gold ions at very high speed (almost the speed of light). This laboratory conducts a variety of experiments to know how the Earth was formed.
4. NOAA Aquarius Reef Base: It is the world's deepest underwater laboratory. It is 15 m to 18 m below the water surface. It conducts a variety of experiments to study the ecology of the reef and prepare astronauts for the weightlessness and solitude of the outer space.
5. The Pyramid Laboratory: It is the world's highest terrestrial laboratory . It is located 5050 m above the sea level at the base of the Mount Everest . It is a three - storey - high , pyramid - shaped laboratory and observatory made up of glass , steel and aluminium . It conducts a variety of experiments across subjects like geology , climate , human physiology , environment , etc.
6. IceCube Neutrino Observatory: The IceCube Neutrino Observatory is a neutrino observatory constructed at the Amundsen–Scott South Pole Station in Antarctica. The project is a recognized CERN experiment. Its thousands of sensors are located under the Antarctic ice, distributed over a cubic kilometre.
7. The Large Hadron Collider (LHC): The Large Hadron Collider is the world's largest and highest-energy particle collider. It was built by the European Organization for Nuclear Research between 1998 and 2008 in collaboration with over 10,000 scientists and hundreds of universities and laboratories, as well as more than 100 countries.
8. LENS-X Wind Tunnel: The LENS-X hypersonic wind tunnel is one of three wind tunnels operated by Cal-span University at Buffalo Research Center (CUBRC), a non-profit research company with the very io9-ish slogan, "Advantage Through Technology." The LENS-X can handle aircraft up to 30 feet long and generate speeds above 25,000 mph.

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