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QUESTION
Q1. difference btw distance and displacement
Q2 a car is travelling at 20m/s along the road. A chirl;d runs out into the road 50m ahead and the car driver steps on brake pedal. What must the car deceleration be if car is stop just befores it reaches the child?
Q3 difference btw speed and velocity
Q4 write the differences btw osmosis and diffusion
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Answers
Ans 1:- The following points explain the differences between distance and displacement:-
✒The amount of space between two points, measured along the actual path, which connects the two points, is called distance. The amount of space between two points, measured along the minimum path which connects them, is called displacement.
✒Distance is nothing but the length of the total route travelled by the object during motion. On the other hand, displacement is the least distance between starting and finishing point.
✒Distance gives the complete information of the path followed by the body. As against this, displacement does not give the complete information of the path travelled by the object.
✒Displacement decreases with time, whereas distance does not decrease with time.
✒The value of displacement can be positive, negative or even zero, but the value of the distance is always positive.
✒Distance is a scalar measure, which takes into account the magnitude only, i.e. we need to specify only the numerical value. Unlike displacement which is a vector measure and takes into account both magnitude and direction.
✒Distance covered is not the unique path, but the displacement between two locations, is the unique path.
While distance is represented by ‘d’, displacement is labelled as ‘s’.
✒Distance can be calculated by multiplying speed and time. On the contrary, the displacement can be calculated by multiplying velocity and time.
Ans 2:- u = 20m/s ; s = 50m and v = 0m/s
Using, V^2 = u^2 + 2as
a = (v^2 – u^2)/2s
a = (0^2 - 20^2)/(2 x 50) = - 4m/s^2
Acceleration = -4 m/s2 or, retardation = 4 m/s2
Ans 3:- Speed is how fast an object is moving. It is calculated by the displacement of space per a unit of time. Velocity is the rate at which an object changes position in a certain direction. It is calculated by the displacement of space per a unit of time in a certain direction. Velocity deals with direction, while speed does not.
Ans 4:-
OSMOSIS Vs DIFFUSION
Osmosis:- The movement of liquid (solvent) especially water from the higher region concentration to the region of lower concentration, through the semipermeable membrane is called osmosis.
VS.
Diffusion:- The movement of molecules (solid, liquid or gases) from a region of higher concentration to the lower region concentration, but not necessarily through a semi-permeable membrane is called diffusion.
Osmosis:-Semi-permeable membrane The motion is through the semi-permeable membrane.
VS.
Diffusion:-The motion is direct and does not require the semi-permeable membrane.
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Answer;
Definition
The complete length of the path between any two points is called distance.
Displacement is the direct length between any two points when measured along the minimum path between them.
d
s
To calculate distance, direction is not considered.
To calculate displacement, direction is taken into consideration.
Distance is a scalar quantity as it only depends upon the magnitude and not the direction.
Displacement is a vector quantity as it depends upon both magnitude and direction.
Distance gives the detailed route information that is followed while traveling from one point to another.
As displacement refers to the shortest path, it does not give complete information of the route.
s = Speed × Time
d = Velocity × Time
Distance can only have positive values.
Displacement can be positive, negative and even zero.
Distance is not indicated with an arrow.
Displacement is always indicated with an arrow.
Distance can be measured along a non-straight path.
Displacement can only be measured along a straight path.
Distance depends upon the path i.e. it changes according to the path taken.
Displacement does not depend upon the path and it only depends upon the initial and final position of the body.
2
Solution:
u = 20m/s ; s = 50m and v = 0m/s
Using, V² = u² + 2as
a = (v²– u²)/2s
a = (0^2 - 20^2)/(2 x 50) = - 4m/s²
Acceleration = -4 m/s² or, retardation = 4 m/s²
3
Velocity can be defined as the rate at which an object changes position in a certain direction.
The rate at which an object covers a certain distance is known as speed.
Velocity is a Vector quantity
Speed is a Scalar quantity
Velocity can be zero, negative, or positive.
Speed can never be negative or zero.
The velocity of the object changes with the change in direction, therefore the object must follow one direction.
The average speed will continue to count even if the object change direction.
Velocity can decrease with time. For a moving object, it can be 0.
Speed never decreases with time. For a moving object, it is never 0.
4
Osmosis Diffusion
- It is limited only to the liquid medium. Occurs in all mediums – Solid, Liquid and gas.
- Requires a semipermeable membrane. Do not require a semipermeable membrane.
- Depends on the number of solute particles dissolved in the solvent. Depends on the presence of other particles.
- Requires water for the movement of particles. Do not require water for the movement of particles.
- Only the solvent molecules can diffuse. Both the molecules of solute and solvent can diffuse.
- The flow of particles occurs only in one direction. The flow of particles occurs in all the directions.
- The entire process can either be stopped or reversed by applying additional pressure on the solution side. This process can neither be stopped nor reversed.