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Answer:
Explain Anti-Poverty measures taken by the Government of India
Integrated Rural Development Programme: ...
Jawahar Rozgar Yojana /Jawahar Gram Samriddhi Yojana (JGSY): ...
Employment Assurance Scheme: ...
Food for Work Programme: ...
Sampoorna Gramin Rozgar Yojana: ...
Rural Housing – Pradhan Mantri Gramin Awaas Yojana (PMGAY): ...
National Old Age Pension Scheme (NOAPS):
Answer:
The poverty alleviation programmes in India can be categorized based on whether it is targeted either for rural areas or for urban areas in the country.
Most of the programmes are designed to target rural poverty as the prevalence of poverty is high in rural areas. Also targeting poverty is a great challenge in rural areas due to various geographic and infrastructure limitations. The programmes can be mainly grouped into 1) Wage employment programmes 2) Self-employment programmes 3) Food security programmes 4) Social security programmes 5) Urban poverty alleviation programmes. 6 skill india programmes for employment. The five year plans immediately after independence tried to focus on poverty alleviation through sectoral programmes.
Jawahar Gram Samridhi Yojana (JGSY)Edit
Jawahar Gram Samridhi Yojana (JGSY) is the restructured, streamlined and comprehensive version of the Jawahar Rozgar Yojana (JRY). It was started on 1 April 1999. The main aim of this programme was the development of rural areas. Infrastructure like roads to connect the village to different areas, which made the village more accessible and also other social, educational (schools) and infrastructure like hospitals. Its secondary objective was to give out sustained wage employment. This was only given to BELOW POVERTY LINE families and fund was to be spent for individual beneficiary schemes for SCs and STs and 3% for the establishment of barrier-free infrastructure for the disabled people. The village panchayats were one of the main governing body of this programme. ₹1848.80 crore was used and they had a target of 8.57 lakh works. 5.07 lakh works were completed during 1999–2000.
National Old Age Pension Scheme (NOAPS)Edit
This scheme came into effect on 15 August 1995. The scheme provides pension to all old people who were above the age of 65 (now 60) who could not fund for themselves and did not have any means of subsistence. The pension that was given was ₹200 a month (now it is 2000 per month). This pension is given by the central government. The job of implementation of this scheme in states and union territories is given to panchayats and municipalities. The states contribution may vary depending on the state. The amount of old age pension is ₹200 per month for applicants aged 60–79. For applicants aged above 80 years, the amount has been revised to ₹500 a month according to the 2011–2012 Budget. It is a successful venture.
National Family Benefit Scheme (NFBS)Edit
This scheme was started in August 1995 . This scheme is sponsored by the state government. It was transferred to the state sector scheme after 2002–03. It is under the community and rural department. This scheme provides a sum of ₹20,000 to a person of a family who becomes the head of the family after the death of its primary breadwinner. The breadwinner is defined as a person who is above 18 who earns the most for the family and on whose earnings the family survives.
National Maternity Benefit SchemeEdit
This scheme provides a sum of ₹6000 to a pregnant mother in three installments. The women should have age to be older than 19 years of age. It is given normally 12–8 weeks before the birth and in case of the death of the child the women can still avail it. The NMBS is implemented by almost all states and union territories with the help of panchayats and municipalities. During 1999–2000 the total allocation of funds for this scheme was 767.05 crores and the amount used was ₹4444.13 crore. It is for families below the poverty line. The scheme was updated in 2005-06 into Janani Suraksha Yojana with ₹1400 for every institutional birth.
First instalment (in first trimester of pregnancy) - ₹3,000/-[1]
• Early Registration of Pregnancy, preferably within first three months. • Received one antenatal check-up.
Second instalment[2]
• At the time of institutional delivery - ₹1500/-
Third instalment (3 months after delivery) - ₹1500/-
• Child birth is compulsory to be registered.[3] • Child has received BCG vaccination. • Child has received OPV and DPT-1 & 2.