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1. Eratosthenes of
The first person to determine the size of Earth was Eratosthenes of Cyrene, who produced a surprisingly good measurement using a simple scheme that combined geometrical calculations with physical observations. Eratosthenes was born around 276 B.C., which is now Shahhat, Libya. He studied in Athens at the Lyceum.
2 The Equator is the line of 0 degrees latitude. Each parallel measures one degree north or south of the Equator, with 90 degrees north of the Equator and 90 degrees south of the Equator. The latitude of the North Pole is 90 degrees N, and the latitude of the South Pole is 90 degrees
3. The Arctic Circle: This line of latitude is located about 66 1/2 degrees north of the Equator. The area north of the Arctic Circle is known as the Arctic.
4The combination of meridians of longitude and parallels of latitude establishes a framework or grid by means of which exact positions can be determined in reference to the prime meridian and the Equator: a point described as 40° N, 30° W, for example, is located 40° of arc north of the Equator and 30° of arc west
5 Solar noon is the moment when the Sun passes a location's meridian and reaches its highest position in the sky.
6Twilight is produced by sunlight scattering in the upper atmosphere, illuminating the lower atmosphere so that Earth's surface is neither completely lit nor completely dark. The word twilight is also used to denote the periods of time when this illumination occurs.
7That is between 23 degrees half minute North and 23 degree half minute South latitudes. Temperate zone: It extends in one each of the two hemispheres. They lie between the Tropic of Cancer and Arctic Circle in the northern and between Tropic of Capricorn and Arctic Circle in the southern hemisphere.
8The Earth is closest to the Sun, or at the perihelion, about 2 weeks after the December Solstice, when it is winter in the Northern Hemisphere. Conversely, the Earth is farthest away from the Sun, at the aphelion point, 2 weeks after the June Solstice, when the Northern Hemisphere is enjoying warm summer months.
9The Prime Meridian is an imaginary line that, similar to the equator, divides the earth into eastern and western hemispheres. It is sometimes referred to as the Greenwich Meridian. All lines of latitude and longitude are measured in degrees.
10 82 degree 30 minutes East is the longitudinal value of indian standard meridian. 82 degree 30 minutes East is the longitudinal value of indian standard meridian.
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