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Answer 1

Answer:

Question 1 : Name the tax extracted by the church from peasants in France before 1789.

Answer : The tax extracted by the church from peasants in France before 1789 was known as 'tithe'.

Question 2 : Why were the prices of bread rising from during the period of 1715 to 1789?

Answer :  The members of the third estate were already struggling as they were the only ones who had to pay taxes. ... Hence there was a shortage of grain and eventually the price of bread, the satple food of the country was increased.

Question 3 : How did montesquieu sprint of law influence the framing of the American constitution?

Answer : He conceived the idea of separating government authority into the three major branches: executive, legislative and judicial. This perspective significantly influenced the authors of the Constitution in establishing laws and division of duties, and also in the inclusion of provisions to preserve individual liberties.

Question 4 : Why did the members of the third estate walk out of the Assembly of estate general?

Answer :  Members of third estate demanded the power for each member to vote. When the king rejected the demand,member of the third estate walked out of the assembly to protest.

Question 5 : Mention the eligibility criteria to cast vote in according to constitution of 1791 in France.

Answer : They were required to be literate, speak French, and have been a resident for more than one year. They had a stake in the government bodies. They paid taxes equal to about three days work a year. These men met in primary assemblies to nominate electors and members of the councils in their municipalities.

Question 6 : when was Merseilles, the National Anthem of France first sung?

Answer : “La Marseillaise” became the rallying song of the revolution. In the Alsace region where German was widely spoken, a German version (“Auf, Brüder, auf dem Tag entgegen”) was released in October 1792. It was declared as the national anthem in a decree passed on July 14, 1795, making it France's first anthem.

Question 7 : How did Robespierre's is government aim to establish equality through the use of bread?

Answer : To ensure equality in the society, Robespierre took following measures : (i) Issued laws placing maximum ceiling on wages and prices. (ii) Meat and bread were rationed. (iii) Peasants were forced to sell grains at fixed prices.

Question 8 :  What was the main objective behind the formation of directory after the fall of Jacobins in France?

Answer : A new constitution was introduced which provided for two elected legislative councils. These then appointed a Directory, an executive made up of five members. This was meant as a safeguard against the concentration of power in a one-man executive as was under the Jacobins.

Question 9 : What is the importance of the year 1946 in terms of women empowerment in France?

Answer : The political activities of French women during the revolutionary year was kept alive as an inspiring memory. It was finally in 1946 that women in France won the right to vote.

Question 10 : Which major factor gave rise to triangular slave trade?

Answer : African slave labor was the foundation of the triangular trade and, ultimately, of British industrialization and development. According to Williams's critics, however, the slave trade and the plantation system were only one part of a complex British economy that expanded in many directions at once.

Question 11 : Why was the censorship in France abolished soon after storming of Bastille?

Answer : Censorship was abolished after the storming of Bastille to mark the end of autocratic rule and the beginning of democracy in France.In democracy, people are given the right to express their views freely.

Explanation:

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Answer 2

• ans-1 The tax extracted by the church from peasants in France before 1789 was known as 'tithe'.  
• ans -2 Why were the prices of bread rising from during the period of 1715 to 1789. The members of the third estate were already struggling as they were the only ones who had to pay taxes. ... Hence there was a shortage of grain and eventually the price of bread, the satple food of the country was increased.
• ans-3He conceived the idea of separating government authority into the three major branches: executive, legislative and judicial. This perspective significantly influenced the authors of the Constitution in establishing laws and division of duties, and also in the inclusion of provisions to preserve individual liberties.
• Ans- 4  Members of third estate demanded the power for each member to vote. When the king rejected the demand,member of the third estate walked out of the assembly to protest
• ans-5  They were required to be literate, speak French, and have been a resident for more than one year. They had a stake in the government bodies. They paid taxes equal to about three days work a year. These men met in primary assemblies to nominate electors and members of the councils in their municipalities.
• ans-6 La Marseillaise” became the rallying song of the revolution. In the Alsace region where German was widely spoken, a German version (“Auf, Brüder, auf dem Tag entgegen”) was released in October 1792. It was declared as the national anthem in a decree passed on July 14, 1795, making it France's first anthem.
• ans- 7 To ensure equality in the society, Robespierre took following measures : (i) Issued laws placing maximum ceiling on wages and prices. (ii) Meat and bread were rationed. (iii) Peasants were forced to sell grains at fixed prices.
• answer 8 A new constitution was introduced which provided for two elected legislative councils. These then appointed a Directory, an executive made up of five members. This was meant as a safeguard against the concentration of power in a one-man executive as was under the Jacobins
• answer 9The political activities of French women during the revolutionary year was kept alive as an inspiring memory. It was finally in 1946 that women in France won the right to vote. Was this answer helpful
• answer 10African slave labor was the foundation of the triangular trade and, ultimately, of British industrialization and development. According to Williams's critics, however, the slave trade and the plantation system were only one part of a complex British economy that expanded in many directions at once.  
• answer 11 --Censorship was abolished after the storming of Bastille to mark the end of autocratic rule and the beginning of democracy in France.In democracy, people are given the right to express their views freely