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1. The British introduce new job opportunities that were especially beneficial to the members of the lower caste.
2 .British rule led to the rise of an influential middle-class who would become pioneers of Indian industrialization in the post-independent era.
3. The British authorities built many important infrastructures such as hospital schools and the most important of all, railways.
4. The introduction of new technology like steamships, telegraphs and trains completely changed the economic landscape of the Indian subcontinent.
5. Culturally, the British put an end to social evils such as Sati (with the passing of the Bengal Sati Regulation Act on December 4, 1829) and weakened the caste system to an extent.
6. When Britain took over, they forced the governments to import goods from the British Isles rather than create their own products. This led to the local cloth, metal and carpentry industries to fall into disarray.
7. The British rule placed more emphasis on the cultivation of cash crops rather than growing crops that would feed India’s huge population. This policy, combined with the unequal distribution of food, led to 24 famines killing millions between 1850 and 1899 alone.The first and if not the worst of this lot was the Bengal Famine of 1770.
8. The British realised that they could never rule a vast territory like India without breaking up strong kingdoms into small easily conquerable segments. The British Empire also made it a policy to pay religious leaders to speak out against each other, slowly poisoning relations between different faiths.
9. Due in no small part to the unethical business practices of the East India Company it can be estimated that trillions were siphoned off by Britain. Such practices even destroyed the Indian industries and ensured that money flowing through the Indian economy ended up in the hands of London.
10.India was known as the “jewel in the crown of the British Empire”. Thus the British provided protection against like Persia and Afghanistan.
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