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1. A. 2KClO₃= 2 atoms of Potassium, 2 atoms of Chlorine and 6 atoms of Oxygen.
B. 5Fe3O₄= 5 atoms of Iron and 12 atoms of Oxygen.
C. 2H= 2 atoms of Hydrogen.
D. N₂= 2 atoms of Nitrogen.
2. A. The six noble gases that occur naturally are helium (He), Neon (Ne), Argon (Ar), Krypton (Kr), Xenon (Xe), and Radon (Rn).
B. Boron, silicon, germanium.
C. Hydrogen, chlorine, fluorine.
D. Aluminium, copper, iron.
E. Brass, amalgam, steel.
F. Zinc amalgam, potassium amalgam.
3. A. Most copper is used in electrical equipment such as wiring and motors. This is because it conducts both heat and electricity very well, and can be drawn into wires. It also has uses in construction (for example roofing and plumbing), and industrial machinery (such as heat exchangers).
B. It is used for jewellery and silver tableware, where appearance is important. Silver is used to make mirrors, as it is the best reflector of visible light known, although it does tarnish with time. It is also used in dental alloys, solder and brazing alloys, electrical contacts and batteries.
C. Chlorine kills bacteria – it is a disinfectant. It is used to treat drinking water and swimming pool water. It is also used to make hundreds of consumer products from paper to paints, and from textiles to insecticides. About 20% of chlorine produced is used to make PVC.
D. Nitrogen is important to the chemical industry. It is used to make fertilisers, nitric acid, nylon, dyes and explosives. To make these products, nitrogen must first be reacted with hydrogen to produce ammonia.