Please tell me the important questions of geography class 10 cbse, I completed resources and development but please help me with lifelines, agriculture and manufacturing industries. This is for my pre boards
Answers
Importance of Manufacturing
The manufacturing sector is considered the backbone of development due to the following reasons:
Manufacturing industries help in modernising agriculture as it provides jobs in secondary and tertiary sectors.
It helps in the eradication of unemployment and poverty.
Export of manufactured goods expands trade and commerce, and brings in much needed foreign exchange.
It helps in prospering the country by giving a boost to the economy.
Contribution of Industry to National Economy
The trend of growth rate in manufacturing over the last decade has been around 7 per cent per annum.
Industrial Location
Industrial locations are influenced by the availability of:
Raw material
Labour
Capital
Power
Market
Government policies
Manufacturing activity tends to locate at the most appropriate place where all the factors of industrial location are either available or can be arranged at a lower cost. The figure below shows the industry market linkage.
Industry Market Linkage
Agro-based Industries
Cotton, jute, silk, woollen textiles, sugar and edible oil, etc. industries are based on agricultural raw materials. Let’s know about each of them, one by one.
Textile Industry
It is the only industry in India, which is self-reliant and complete in the value chain i.e., from raw material to the highest value added products. It contributes to industrial production, employment generation and foreign exchange earnings.
Cotton Textiles
This industry has close links with agriculture and provides a living to farmers, cotton boll pluckers and workers engaged in ginning, spinning, weaving, dyeing, designing, packaging, tailoring and sewing. It supports many other industries, such as, chemicals and dyes, packaging materials and engineering works.
Jute Textiles
India is the largest producer of raw jute and jute goods. Most of the mills are located in West Bengal, mainly along the banks of the Hugli river.
Sugar Industry
India stands second as a world producer of sugar but occupies the first place in the production of Gur and Khandsari. This industry is seasonal in nature.
Mineral-based Industries
Industries that use minerals and metals as raw materials are called mineral-based industries. Let’s discuss some industries that fall under this category.
Iron and Steel Industry
Iron and steel is the basic industry as all the other industries – heavy, medium and light, depend on it for their machinery. lt is considered as a heavy industry because all the raw materials, as well as finished goods, are heavy and bulky entailing heavy transportation costs.
India is an important iron and steel producing country in the world yet, we are not able to perform to our full potential largely due to:
High costs and limited availability of coking coal
Lower productivity of labour
Irregular supply of energy
Poor infrastructure.
Aluminium Smelting
Aluminium Smelting is the second most important metallurgical industry in India. It is used to manufacture aircraft, utensils and wires. Bauxite is the raw material used in the smelters.
Aluminium Smelting has gained popularity as a substitute for steel, copper, zinc and lead in a number of industries. It exhibits the following properties:
Light in weight
Resistant to corrosion
A good conductor of heat
Malleable
Becomes strong when it is mixed with other metals
Chemical Industries
The Chemical industry comprises both large and small scale manufacturing units. Rapid
growth has been recorded in both inorganic and organic sectors.
Inorganic chemicals include sulphuric acid nitric acid, alkalies, soda ash and caustic soda.
Organic chemicals include petrochemicals, which are used for manufacturing synthetic fibers, synthetic rubber, plastics, dye-stuffs, drugs and pharmaceuticals.
Fertilizer Industry
Cement Industry
Automobile Industry
Information Technology and Electronics Industry
Industrial Pollution and Environmental Degradation
Industries are responsible for 4 types of pollutions
Air pollution
Water pollution
Thermal pollution
Noise pollution
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Please tell me the important questions of geography class 10 cbse, I completed resources and development but please help me with lifelines, agriculture and manufacturing industries. This is for my pre boards