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1. The presence of starch in leaves can be tested by the Iodine test. When we remove chlorophyll from the leaf by boiling it in alcohol and then put two drops of iodine solution, it is colour change to blue indicates the presence of starch.
2.Chlorophyll is the molecule in the structure of the leaves that takes the energy in sunlight to turn water and carbon dioxide gas into sugar and oxygen gas. This conversion process is known as photosynthesis.
Leaves are made out of several layers that are in between two layers of super tough skin cells called epidermis. The epidermis is also known to secrete cuticle, which is a waxy substance. All of these layers protect the leaf from pests such as insects and bacteria. There are also stomata cells that are pores where gases can enter and exit through the leaf.
Most of the food production in the leaf actually takes place in the elongated cells that are known as palisade mesophyll inside the leaf. The leaf also has veins that can help to support the leaf by transporting food, water and minerals to the leaf and to the plant.
Leaves are also important for humans as they are one of the best ways to identify various plants. Leaves come in many shapes and sizes, such as flat, wide, spiky, thin, rectangular and oval.
3. Functions of Stomata
The main functions of stomata are:
Gaseous exchange- Stomatal opening and closure help in the gaseous exchange between the plant and surrounding.
It helps in transpiration and removal of excess water in the form of water vapour.
Stomatal closure at night prevents water from escaping through pores.
It maintains the moisture balance according to weather by opening and closing.
Stomata facilitate carbon dioxide uptake and release of oxygen during the process of photosynthesis.
4.(1) Plant roots as food We eat the roots of some plants as food. For example: carrot, radish, beetroot, sweet potato, turnip.
(2) Plant stem as food Some plants store food in their stems (modified or underground). We eat the stems of such plants as food. ...
(3) Plant leaves as food The leafy vegetables are the leaves of the plants. For example: spinach, cabbage, lettuce, leaves of mustard plant.
(4) Flowers as food The flowers of some of the plants are eaten as food. For example: flowers of banana plant, pumpkin plant, sunflower, Jasmine.
(5) Fruits as food There are some plants which store food in their fruits. We eat the fruits of such plants as food. ...
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