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i) temperature after 4 hours = 8° C
ii) required time = 7 hours
Explanation:
The liquid is cooled at the rate of 3° C per hour
∴ in 4 hours, it will be cooled (4 × 3°) C = 12° C in total
Starting temperature = 20° C
∴ after 4 hours, its temperature will be
= 20° C - 12° C
= 8° C
Let after x hours, the temperature will be - 1° C
Then, 20 - 3 × x = - 1
⇒ 20 - 3x = - 1
⇒ 3x = 21
⇒ x = 21/3
⇒ x = 7
∴ after 7 hours, the temperature will be - 1° C
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