Question

PLEASE TELL THE MEANING OF 2ND POINTS OF BOTH!

Answer 1

 narrative voice.

It can be tricky. Identifying the point of view in a novel can be somewhat confusing. It doesn't have to be, though! With this handy little guide, we'll help you detect first, second, and third person as simply as possible.

Using the first lines of famous novels, it's time to spot the differences between the different narrative voices. Let's start from, well, the beginning.

First Person

First, second, and third person are all a type of grammatical person. To identify which one is used, you have to find the pronouns in the sentence.

In the following sentence, the pronouns "my" and "I" indicate that the person is speaking in the first person:

"In my younger and more vulnerable years my father gave me some advice that I've been turning over in my mind ever since."

—F. Scott Fitzgerald, The Great Gatsby

In the first person, the speaker is speaking about himself or herself. Simple, right?

The above example is one of the first-person subjective case, meaning it refers to the subject who performs the action. "I" is used for a singular subject, and "we" is used for more than one subject, including the speaker.

Answer 2

it means that in aldehyde group only one alkyl group is associated as there is only one dash.
since in -cho only the tetra valency of carbon is not satisfied.
alkyl group is the obtained by removing one h-atom from alkane group.

but in ketone group valency of both c and o needs to be satisfied,thus two alkyl groups need to be associated.