Please write an essay on Guru Arjun Dev ji
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Explanation:
Guru Arjan Dev Ji is the fifth Guru of the Sikhs. He was born on April 15, 1563 at Goindwal Sahib Ji. He was the youngest son of Guru Ram Das Ji. He received Gurgaddi on August 31st, 1581. He was the first Guru to have been born a son of the Guru.
The fifth Guru started the construction of the Golden Temple. To emphasise the equality of Sikhism, a Muslim saint, named Mian Mir laid the foundation stone of the shrine. The temple featured four entrances to represent access to all communities. Guru Arjan Dev Ji compiled the Adi Granth Ji, the Sikh scripture containing the writings of all the Gurus up until that time.
As another sign of equality in Sikh philosophy, the Guru Ji added the writings of several Muslim and Hindu saints, whose ideas corresponded to Sikh beliefs. With the passage of time, the Guru attracted a substantial following, therefore the Sikh community undertook a social-political character. In 1606, Emperor Jehangir, the Muslim ruler of India, summoned the Guru Ji to his court on the charge of blessing a rebellious relative of the Emperor's. Upon the Guru's refusal to embrace Islam to escape death, the fifth prophet of the Sikh religion was subject to inhumane torture. Guru Arjan Dev Ji was arrested, tortured and made to sit on hot iron plates at Lahore. He was martyred on May 30th, 1606 at Lahore by Emperor Jahangir. Thus, the martyrdom tradition of Sikhism began with the martyrdom of the Guru Ji himself. From this point forward, Sikhism began to form itself into a community of saint-soldiers.
He completed the Sarovar of Nectar at Amritsar and built Sri Harmandir Sahib Ji, the centre of worship and religious assembly. He compiled Sri Adi Granth Ji, later called Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji and installed it at Sri Harmandir Sahib Ji in 1604. Nothing else but Shabad Kirtan is recited in the sanctum sanctorum of Sri Harmandir Sahib Ji
Guru Arjan Dev Ji constructed the holy (Sarovar) tank at Tarn Taran and founded the city of Kartarpur near Jalandhar. The city of Sri Hargobindpur on the banks of river Beas was founded by him to celebrate the birth of his son Hargobind Sahib Ji.
Guru Arjan Dev Ji encouraged the Sikhs to contribute Daswandh (one tenth of the earnings) for community purposes. Guru Arjan Dev Ji was a great thinker, illustrious poet, a practical philosopher and a celebrated saint. He was the first martyr in the Sikh history. He practiced humility and forgiveness. He preached truth, contentment and contemplation. He organised the Sikhs into a community. After the brutal martyrdom of Guru Arjan Dev Ji, his son Hargobind Sahib Ji was appointed the Sixth Guru of the Sikhs in line.
Answer:
Guru Arjan Dev Ji - The youngest son of Guru Ramdas Sahib, the 4th Nanak and Mata Bhani Ji served as the fifth Sikh guru. Born at Goindwal Sahib on April 15, 1563, Guru Arjan Sahib Ji had a deep divine inclination right from his childhood. A perfect blend of devotion and sacrifice, Arjan Sahib Ji received an appropriate education in Persian, Hindi and Sanskrit.
Installed as the Fifth Nanak at a tender age of 18 years, Guru Arjan Sahib ji constructed two sacred sarowars namely Santokhsar and Amritsar and also laid the foundation stone of Harmandir Sahib. He also founded the town of Tarn Taran Sahib near Goindwal Sahib and supplemented it with a large tank and Gurdwara. He even got a house for lepers also built there.
An energetic and aspiring personality, that he was, he toured extensively for five years in order to strengthen the cult of Sikhism. Along with compilation of all the verses of his predecessors, Guru Arjan sahib Ji also contributed about 2000 verses for Guru Granth Sahib Ji thus bringing about a much awaited sensor of religious separation from the Hindus and the Muslims. This caused the development pf Sikhism as a different religion. It was during the reign of Guru Arjan Sahib ji that Baisakhi started to be celebrated as ana annual feature at Amritsar observing a huge get together of all the Sikhs. This was also used as an occasion by the Massands to deposit the collected offerings from different parts of the country in Guru Sahib's treasury which was later on abolished by Guru Gobind Sahib Ji.
His endless virtues and marked intellect caused him to be referred to as "Sacha Patshah" by his followers. Jealous of the large scale propagation of Sikhism by Guru Arjan Sahib Ji, many baseless allegations were leveled against him. He was therefore arrested and brought to Lahore where he was charge-sheeted and implicated in the false cases.
Thence, the Governor of Lahore was assigned the task of the execution of Guru Sahib who in turn handed the former over to a petty businessman Chandu who tortured Guru Sahib for three days in a manner unknown in the history of mankind. This torture included making Guru Sahib to sit on hot iron plates. Burning sand was poured over his naked body and his blistered body used to be thrown into the river Ravi. Thus this great saint embraced martyrdom on May 30, 1606.
This immortal end to the most peaceful sage naturally came as a radical change in the entire Sikhism as this newly born peace loving system started considering both the theist Muslim state and the orthodox Hindus as inhuman and callous people.
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