Please write summary of the following: Humans are capable of creating alot of waste and they are contributing in trash making worldwide. When the trash is thrown away, how much do you know about where all this garbage goes or how it is handled? Approximately 3.5 million tons of waste is generated worldwide. Garbage doesn't vanish when you fill it in a trash box. There are no trash fairies or pixies appointed to our trash.
Where does all that garbage go? There are four techniues to overseeing waste: reusing, landfilling, composting, and burning. Each method has its merits and weaknesses. Let's take a quick look at each.
Reusing is the way toward transforming waste into new materials. For instance, utilized paper can be transformed into paperboard, which can be utilized to make book covers.
Reusing can reduce pollution, spare materials, and save energy. However, some people believe that reusing wastes is not a good idea. They accept that gathering, handling, and changing over waste uses more vitality than it spares. However, many individuals consider that reusing is preferable for the planet over landfilling.
Landfilling is the most established strategy for overseeing waste. In its simplest term, landfilling is when individuals throw trash in an opening or when people bury garbage in hole.
Trash is compacted before it is tossed into the hole. Huge liners are set in the base of landfills with the goal that harmful trash juice doesn't get into the ground water. Tragically, these liners don't generally work. Landfills may contaminate the nearby water gracefully. Also that the entirety of that trash smells. No one wishes to live near a landfill.
Compositing is when individuals pile the organic waste, for example, food waste and leave it to decompose. The result of this decomposing is compost. Compost can be added to the soil to make the soil more extravagant and better for developing yields. While treating the soil is remarkable yet, it's difficult to do after the trash gets totally turned around.
As plastic and other inorganic materials must be eliminated from the manure heap or they will spoil the soil. There's a great deal of plastic in trash, which makes it difficult to compost on a large scale.
On the other hand, burning garbage is easier to do. There are two main ways to incinerate waste. The first is to create or harvest a fuel from the waste, such as methane gas, and burn the fuel. The second is to burn the waste directly. The heat from the incineration process can boil water, which can power steam generators. Unfortunately, burning garbage pollutes the air. Also, some critics worry that incinerators destroy valuable resources that could be recycled.
Usually, the community in which you live manages waste. Once you put your garbage in that can, what happens to it is beyond your control. But you can make choices while it is still in your possession. You can choose to recycle, reuse, you can choose to compost, or you can choose to let someone else deal with it. The choice is yours.
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Summary
Human creates a lots of trash which just don't have a way of vanishing completely out of this world. Even if we through trashes in our trash box , it still remains there. we have got few ways to treat such trashes. These trashes are treated on five ways reusing , landfilling , composing or burning. Reusing a trash transform a trash into a usable one.For instance, utilized paper can be transformed into paperboard, which can be utilized to make book covers. Reusing materials lends a hand in reducing spare materials and saving energy. many individuals consider that reusing is preferable for the planet over landfilling. Landfilling is the burying the garbage in just one go. To prevent harmful juice of these trashes not contaminating the water we drink or use , Huge liners are set in the base of landfills. Composition helps in fixing organic waste and let it decompose. Compost can be added to the soil to make the soil more extravagant. Harmful components like plastics should be eliminated before adding to manure. As it may destroy the quality of soil. Also burning is very harmful for the environment as it pollutes by producing harmful gases. It's all on our will if we recycle, reuse, we can choose to compost, or you can choose to let someone else deal with it. But we also need to be knowing well about consequences.
What is summary ?
- Prefer to keep it small than original matter.
- No important points should be skipped.
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In this chapter, the writer raises an issue towards the deteriorating health of the earth. As human beings have been exploiting natural resources from decades, presently the condition has made the environment critical. In 1972, the Green Movement helped environmentalists to raise awareness about the harmful condition of the earth and since then there has been no looking back as the movement has been successfully educating people about the conservation of the environment.
Earth is like a patient whose health is declining and it is our duty to improve it. In 1987, the term Sustainable Development was used by the World Commission on Environment and Development. A zoo in Lukasa, Zambia has a cage in which a sign reads ‘The World’s most dangerous animal’ and inside there is a mirror. It gives a message that human beings are the most dangerous animals. Brandt Commission raised a question “Are we to leave our successors a scorched planet of advancing deserts, impoverished landscapes and ailing environment?”
There are four principal biological systems that form the foundation of the global economic system - fisheries, grasslands, forests, and croplands. These four systems also provide food and raw materials for industries except for minerals and synthetics. With these systems becoming unsustainable, fisheries will collapse, the forest will slowly disappear, grasslands will turn into a barren wasteland and croplands will become worse.
In poor countries, forests are being cut down for fuelwood which is used for cooking purposes. There are some areas where the cost of fuelwood is more than the cost of food. It is leading to deforestation at an alarming rate.
One of the reasons for the exploitation of the environment is the increasing population. It is observed that about one million population is increasing in every four days. This is not a good sign. There is an urgent need to control overpopulation in the world. Development is the best contraceptive for this problem as it will help in reduction in fertility, increase in education and income and improvement in health.
We must see the world as a whole and not as dissociated parts. It is a holistic and ecological view. According to Lester brown, we have not inherited the earth from our forefathers but we have borrowed it from our future generations.
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