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Answers
Q.5) =>A fuse is used to avoid overloading in an electrical circuit.
=>Earthing is also properly done by means of a terminal attached to the metallic body of the appliance.
The situation when the live and neutral wires come into contact either directly or indirectly due to removal of insulation from the metallic body of the appliance is known as a short circuit. The current flowing in the live wire takes the shorter and lower resistance path and flows through the metallic body of the appliance directly into the neutral wire instead of through filament present in the appliance, due to the high potential difference between the live wire and neutral wire and due to the lower resistance encountered, a very high current starts flowing which may damage the appliance, cause fires and pose a risk to the person handling the appliance, in such a situation, the fuse blows off when the current flowing exceeds the safe limit, the high current is immediately conducted through the earthing into the earth and hence dangers are prevented.
Q-3) The strength of the electromagnet depends on the number of turns of the insulated copper wire over the soft iron core, the more the number of turns, the stronger the electromagnet, so Paheli's electromagnet will attract more pins as it has a greater number of turns.
Q.4) Electromagnets are temporary magnets that only act as magnets as long as current flows through them. They can be demagnetized by switching off the current, the strength of the electromagnet can be changed by changing the number of turns and the current flowing through them, electromagnets are also stronger than permanent magnets in some cases.