Question

Pls Answer All Questions.Thanks.​

Answer 1

(1) The testing of the hardness of water is very easy. You need to take a few drops of liquid soap and shake it with water. If the water is forming a lot of bubbles till the neck or top then the water is soft, otherwise, if it is not forming enough bubbles, it will be hard.

(2) The compounds are:

(a) Calcium bicarbonate/ Magnesium bicarbonate.

(b) Calcium sulphate/ Magnesium sulphate.

(3) $Ca^2^+_{(aq)}+2C_{17}H_{35}COOR_{(aq)}$ → $(C_{17}H_{35}COOR)2Ca$

(4) Temporary hardness of water can be removed just by boiling the water.

(5) Temporary hard water contains calcium and magnesium carbonates whereas permanent hard water contains calcium and magnesium sulphates.

(6) The effect of hard water can be harsh for the skin and form the scum layer with soaps and detergents.