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Answer 1

5. (a) NaCl. (b) H2O.

6. Conclusions:
1. An extremely small positively charged particles are concentrated at the centre of the atom.
2. More number of electrons are revolving around the nucleus of the atom.
3. Most of the space is empty in an atom.

Features of the model:
1. An atom is electrically neutral.
2. Negatively charged particles, called electrons, revolve around the nucleus at very high speed.
3. Existence of nuclear forces of attraction on the electrons.
The salient features of this model are as follows: (i) The atom contains a central part called nucleus which is surrounded by electrons. (ii) Thenucleus of an atom is positively charged.

7. (a) Mass of Carbon is 12 , Mass of Carbon-14 is 14
(b) Number of Neutron increases.
(c) Carbon-14 is isotope of Carbon

8.Unlike the plum pudding model, where those atoms simply floated in "soup," Rutherford believed they orbited the central nucleus just as planets orbit the sun. He proposed that this happened because the central nucleus contained positively charged protons that forced the negatively charged electrons to orbit around it.

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