Science, asked by arjunk4720, 1 month ago

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Answered by vikrantvikrantchaudh
1

Explanation:

Glucosuria, glucose in the urine, results from the glomerular filtration of more glucose than the renal tubule can absorb. It occurs in all normal individuals in amounts up to 25 mg/dl (1–5). Abnormally increased glucosuria [more than 25 mg/dl in random fresh urine (4)], results from either an elevated plasma glucose, an impaired renal glucose absorptive capacity, or both.

The plasma glucose concentration above which significant glucosuria occurs is called the renal threshold for glucose. Its value is variable, and deviations occur both above and below the commonly accepted "normal" threshold of 180 mg/dl. In diabetic patients, the value is reported to vary from 54 to 300 mg/dl (6–14). Although glucosuria greater than 25 mg/dl is considered pathologic, many commercial semiquantitative urine tests for glucosuria that are available to patients fail to detect glucosuria until it reaches a level of 50–250 mg/dl (4).

The association between blood and urine glucose was first observed in the eighteenth century by Matthew Dobson, an English physician. For many years urine glucose testing was the major method used to monitor glycemic control in diabetes mellitus. Early methods of urine glucose detection included evaporation of urine to reveal sugar crystals and urine sugar fermentation by yeast. Methods based on copper reduction were developed by von Fehling in the nineteenth century and by Benedict at the turn of the twentieth century. In 1941, the Ames Company marketed Clinitest, a copper reduction method, and followed it with Clinistix, a glucose oxidase-based determination. Since then, several companies have marketed glucose oxidase-based tests.

Measurement of glucosuria is an indirect index of the blood glucose concentration, however, and tests for urine glucose must be interpreted with caution. Technical issues such as test sensitivity and variability of renal glucose threshold must be taken into account. Furthermore, the social stigma sometimes associated with handling a body waste product (15) can be a consideration in terms of patient acceptance of the monitoring technique.

Answered by Parmindersaab
0

Answer:

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