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5. There are two forms of starch: amylose and amylopectin. Structurally they differ in that amylose is a linear polysaccharide, whereas amylopectin is branched.
6.
•Carbs Provide Your Body With Energy
Summary -One of the primary
functions of carbohydrates is to provide your body with energy. Your cells
convert carbohydrates into the fuel molecule ATP through a process called
cellular respiration.
•They Also Provide Stored Energy
Summary Your body can
transform extra carbohydrates into stored energy in the form of glycogen.
Several hundred grams can be stored in your liver and muscles.
• Carbohydrates Help Preserve Muscle
Summary During periods of
starvation when carbohydrates aren’t available, the body can convert amino
acids from muscle into glucose to provide the brain with energy. Consuming at
least some carbs can prevent muscle breakdown in this scenario.
•They Promote Digestive Health
Summary Fiber is a type of
carbohydrate that promotes good digestive health by reducing constipation and
lowering the risk of digestive tract diseases.
•They Influence Heart Health and Diabetes
Summary Excess refined
carbohydrates can increase the risk of heart disease and diabetes. Fiber is a
type of carbohydrate that is associated with reduced “bad” LDL cholesterol
levels, a lower risk of heart disease and increased glycemic control.
7.Fatty acids can be divided into four general categories: saturated, monounsaturated, polyunsaturated, and trans fats.
Saturated fatty acids and trans fats are associated with an increased risk of coronary heart disease.
Monounsaturated fatty acids and polyunsaturated fatty acids are associated with a decreased risk of coronary heart disease, although these associations are not uniformly supported in the literature.
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