Question

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Answer 1

Answer:

Political effects

At first the British were only one group of foreign traders among several, fortunate to find in the Mughals a firm government ready to foster trade. Their entry into politics was gradual, first as allies of country powers, then as their virtual directors, and only finally as masters. At each step they were assisted by local powers who preferred British influence to that of their neighbours. It was mainly in the 20 years from 1798 to 1818 that they were consciously imperialistic and only thereafter that they treated India as a conquered rather than an acquired country. The effect of this was to replace the defunct Mughal regime and the abortive Maratha successor empire with a veiled but very real hegemony.

Explanation:

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Answer 2

Answer

THE cause of the unrest in India is well known and can be briefly stated. It is due, on the one hand, to the growing demand for greater power and influence in the control and management of their own affairs among the educated classes of the Indian com munity, and, on the other, to the systematic rejection of that demand by those who are responsible for the government of the country. The situation is a critical one, but there is nothing in it that need cause surprise. It was inevitable that, with the spread of education and Western civilization among the people, new ideas and new aspirations should spring into life, and it was also a matter of equally assured certainty-the limitations of human nature being what they are that a handful of white men, accustomed to the exercise of autocratic rule over a colored popu lation, would resist to the utmost any and every tendency to en croach on the privileges of their position.

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