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Answers
The electrically charged particle of an atom is called iron.
Ions answer of two types:
Cation: the positively charged particle is called cation.
Anion: the negatively charged particle is called and anion.
Eg cl^-1
15.
We can define an ion as a molecule or an atom which is charged. The reason it is charged is because of gaining or losing one or more of electrons. This makes it either positively or negatively charged particle. Which means an imbalance in the ratio of protons (which are positively charged particles) vise-versa electrons (which are negatively charged particles) makes an ion charged.
16.
Cations
These are those ions which are positively charged since the number of proton particles in these ions outweighs the number of electrons. The symbol for a cation is denoted by a superscript attached to the chemical formula with a plus sign and the number preceding the said plus sign.
For example in the chemical symbol Ca2+ here—2 is the number of the charge, that is to say, the formula has +2 charge cation. In case there is no number preceding the plus sign, it is presumed to be 1.
Anions
These, on the other hand, have a negative charge attached to them. This is because the number of electrons in an anion outweigh the number of protons, thereby making it a negative charge. It should be noted that the number of neutrons is not important while determining whether an atom or a molecule is an anion or not.
Similar to the cations, anions are also symbolized by the number denoting its charge preceding a minus sign. For instance, the symbol of chlorine Cl– carries a single negative charge.
In order to avoid any confusion in remembering which is the positive ion and which is the negative one, you can try remembering it by imagining the ‘t’ in the cation as the symbol for plus, while ‘n’ in anion can be remembered for “negative”.