Question

plz anyone help me in chemistry chapter 4 "carbon and its compund".

Answer 1

we give the term meth for the carbon compounds having 1 carbon atom in them, we give the term 'eth' for 2 carbon atoms, prop for 3; but for 4, pent for 5 and hex for 6

if you want to give suffix for a carbon compound, the suffix depends upon the functional group or the type of bonds between carbon atom.

if the carbon atoms are linked by single bond we say it as alk'a'nes.. eg: methane, ethane etc..

if they are linked by double bonds we call them as alkenes. eg: ethene, propene etc..

if they are linked by triple bonds we call them as alkynes. eg: ethyne, propyne etc..

we know what are functional groups... they are added to alkanes.

if the functional group is halogen. for eg chlorine is added to methane, then we call the compound chloro methane, similarly if bromine is added to methane we call it, bromo methane

if alcohol functional group is added to methane then we replace the last e by ol. ie methanol

if aldehyde group is added to methane then we replace the last e by al. ie, methanal

if ketone is added to methane we replace the last e by one. ie methanone

if carboylic acid is added to methane we replace the last e by oic acid. ie methanoic acid.

nomenclature means naming the carbon compound.
hence by following these rules, we can name any carbon compound.

okay now comment what will be the name of a carbon compound having 4 carbon atoms in it and functional group alcohol

Answer 2

alcohol - oh
aldehydes- CHO ketones-CO
carboxylic acid-COOH

a series of similarly constituted compounds in which members are the same functional group same chemical properties and any two successive members difference in the molecular formula by ch2 group