Question

Plz eplain me the anomalous expansion of water or HOPE 'S experiment plzzzzzzzzz

Answer 1

Hope's apparatus consists of a vertical vessel full of water surrounded round the middle by a trough of cooling ice. Two thermometers, one above and one below the trough, measure the temperature of the water. It is designed to demonstrate that water reaches its maximum density at 4 degrees Celsius.

As the water in the central part of the vessel cools towards 4 degrees Celsius (and thus becomes denser) it sinks to the bottom of the vessel, displacing the warmer water. The lower thermometer will then read a constant 4 degrees. Further cooling towards zero degrees will cause the now less dense water to rise to the top of the vessel, where the upper thermometer will then read a constant zero degrees.