PLZ EXPLAIN ME CARBON COMPOUNDS OF 10TH SSC BOARD
Answers
1. Bonding in Carbon
Carbon form covalent bonds.
Formation of covalent bond : Covalent bond formation involves sharing of electrons between bonding atoms which may be either same or different.
Covalency : The number of electrons contributed by an atom for sharing is known as its covalency.
Characteristics of covalent compounds :
(i) These compounds are molecular in nature (i.e. they exist as single molecules)
(ii) These are insoluble in water and soluble in benzene, kerosene and petrol etc.
(iii) These compounds are poor conductor of electricity.
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Introduction :
• The element carbon is non-metal. Its symbol is C.
• Carbon is versatile element present in earth crust in form of mineral is
0.02% and atmosphere as CO2 is 0.03%.
• All the living things, plants and animals are made up of carbon based
compounds.
Carbon always form covalent bonds :
The atomic number of carbon is 6.
Electronic configuration :
K L
2 4 C(6)
How carbon attain noble gas configuration ?
(i) Carbon is tetravalent, it does not form ionic bond by either losing four
electrons (C4+) or by gaining four electrons (C4−). It is difficult to hold
four extra electron and would require large amount of energy to remove
four electrons. So, carbon can form bond by sharing of its electrons with
the electrons of other carbon atom or with other element and attain noble
gas configuration.
(ii) The atoms of other elements like hydrogen, oxygen and nitrogen,
chlorine also form bonds by sharing of electrons.
(iii) The bond formed by sharing of electrons between same or different
atoms is covalent bond.