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Answers
Explanation:
The principle of gender equality is enshrined in the Indian Constitution in its Preamble, Fundamental Rights, Fundamental Duties and Directive Principles. The Constitution not only grants equality to women, but also empowers the State to adopt measures of positive discrimination in favour of women.
Within the framework of a democratic polity, our laws, development policies, Plans and programmes have aimed at women’s advancement in different spheres. From the Fifth Five Year Plan (1974-78) onwards has been a marked shift in the approach to women’s issues from welfare to development. In recent years, the empowerment of women has been recognized as the central issue in determining the status of women.
The report titled Women and Men in India 2015" by Ministry of Statistics and Program Implementation, Government of India highlights the status of women covering health, education, work and decision making along with social obstacles in womens empowerment.
The Ministry of Women and Child Development is administering following schemes for gender equality/socio-economic development/empowerment of women:
i. Swadhar and Short Stay Homes to provide relief and rehabilitation to destitute women and women in distress.
ii. Working Women Hostels for ensuring safe accommodation for working women away from their place of residence.
iii. Support to Training and Employment Program for Women (STEP) to ensure sustainable employment and income generation for marginalised and asset-less rural and urban poor women across the country.
iv. Rashtriya Mahila Kosh (RMK) to provide micro-finance services to bring about the socio-economic upliftment of poor women.
v. National Mission for Empowerment of Women (NMEW) to strengthen the overall processes that promote all-round Development of Women
vi. Rajiv Gandhi National Creche Scheme for Children of Working Mothers (including single mother) to provide day care facilities for running a creche of 25 children in the age group 0-6 years from families having monthly income of less than Rs 12,000.
vii. One Stop Centre to provide integrated support and assistance to women affected by violence.
. Scheme for Universalisation of Women Helpline intended to provide 24 hours immediate and emergency response to women affected by violence.
ix. Sabla Scheme for holistic development of adolescent girls in the age group of 11-18 years.
x. In order to strengthen the process of gender budgeting the Ministry of Women and Child Development has been undertaking various capacity building measures for the officials of the State Governments by organising training programs/workshops regularly.
Sexual Harassment of Women at Workplace (Prevention, Prohibition and Redressal) Act, 2013 has been enacted, which covers all women, irrespective of their age or employment status and protect them against sexual harassment at all workplaces both in public and private sector, whether organised or unorganised.
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