Question

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Answer 1

(1)..the law that the properties of the elements are periodic functions of their atomic numbers. Also called Mendeleev's law. (originally) the statement that the chemical and physical properties of the elements recur periodically when the elements are arranged in the order of their atomic weights.

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(2)a.Doberiener could find only 3 triads from the elements known at that time. This was'nt found to be usefull

b.XH2

(3).a.Magnesium

Mg

Beryllium

Be

Calcium

Ca

Barium

Ba

Strontium

Sr

Radium

Ra

b. Astatine At

Radon Rn

c.Fluorine F

(4) All elements in a row have the same number of electron shells. Each next element in a period has one more proton and is less metallic than its predecessor. Arranged this way, groups of elements in the same column have similar chemical and physical properties, reflecting the periodic law.

Calcium belongs to group 2 and period 4.

(5) The atomic number is considered to be more appropriate parameter for the classification of elements than atomic mass because atomic number is equal to the number of electrons in an neutral atom, and the arrangement of electrons in an atom gives its electronic configuration.

(6) a. Metallic character decreases as you move across a period in the periodic table from left to right. ... Metallic character increases as you move down an element group in the periodic table.

b. Metallic character is essentially how easily an atom gives away an electron to become a cation (which metals do). Going down a group, the atomic radius increases as well. ... Therefore, going down a group, since less energy is required to remove an electron, it becomes "easier", and the metallic character increases.

(7). Law of octaves, in chemistry, the generalization made by the English chemist J.A.R. Newlands in 1865 that, if the chemical elements are arranged according to increasing atomic weight, those with similar physical and chemical properties occur after each interval of seven elements.

Newlands' table showed a repeating or periodic pattern of properties , but this pattern eventually broke down. By ordering strictly according to atomic mass, Newlands was forced to put some elements into groups which did not match their chemical properties. ... As a result, his table was not accepted by other scientists.

(8). The number of energy levels increases as you move down a group as the number of electrons increases. Each subsequent energy level is further from the nucleus than the last. Therefore, the atomic radius increases as the group and energy levels increase. 2) As you move across a period, atomic radius decreases.

• (10). It gives a suitable link between the position of element and its electronic configuration.
• On the basis of atomic numbers it easier to remember all the elements.
• The elements in the same group have similar properties due to their outer-most (valence shell) configuration. Thus it gives is a logical classification.
• Justified positions are provided to transition and inner transition elements. ‘
• It makes the study of elements systematic and simple.

(11). Sodium

Magnesium

Aluminium

Silicon

Phosphorous

Sulphur

Chlorine

Argon

Since the oxides of non-metals are acidic. Thus it can be said, along a period from left to right basic character decreases while on moving downward, the basic character increases due to an increase in metallic character.

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Answer 2

Explanation:

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