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Q.2 - part 1 )The main advantage of an electromagnet over a permanent magnet is that the magnetic field can be quickly changed by controlling the amount of electric current in the winding. However, unlike a permanent magnet that needs no power, an electromagnet requires a continuous supply of current to maintain the magnetic field. Electromagnets have the main benefit of manipulating their magnetic pull strength – both by turning the magnet on or off and by adjusting the current. They also feature greater pull strength than permanent magnets. Some estimates place the largest electromagnet at 20 times stronger than the strongest permanent magnet.
Q.2 - part 2 )You can make an electromagnet stronger by doing these things: wrapping the coil around a piece of iron (such as an iron nail) or adding more turns to the coil, or increasing the current flowing through the coil.
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