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Answers
1. Anion is an non metal ion which is negatively charged .
Cation is a metal ion which is positively charged .
When an atom releases its electrons it becomes positively charged and forms a cation . When another atom attracts the negatively charged electrons , it becomes negatively charged and forms a anion .
2. Ionic bonds are formed when there is a transfer of one or more electrons from one atom to another .
3. An atom tend to gain or lose electrons to form either a positive or a negative charge i.e. to form either a cation or an anion .
4. We know that
Calcium (2,8,8,2)
and Oxygen (2,6)
So , oxygen needs 2 electrons to become stable calcium having 2 electrons in the outermost shell , it loses the electrons and become positive charged oxygen gains the electrons to become stable and becomes negatively charged .
5th one I can't .