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Step-by-step explanation:
Given, P = {x | x ∈ N and x² < 30}
Then, P = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5}
Therefore, cardinal number of set P = 5, i.e., n(P) = 5
Given, Q = {x | x is a factor of 20}
Then, Q = {1, 2, 4, 5, 10, 20}
Therefore, cardinal number of set Q = 6, i.e., n(Q) = 6
1) n(Q) - n(P) = 6 -5 = 1.
2) n(Q²) - n(P²) = 36 - 25 = 11
3) n(P) * n(Q)/n(Q² ( = 5 * 6 /36 = 5/6.
4) n(P²) / n(Q²) - n(P²) = (5)²/ (6)² - (5)²
= 25/36-25 = 25/11 = R.H.S. hence proved
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