Question

Point (Gene mutation) mutation involves
(a) insertion
(b) change in single base pair
(c) duplication
(d) deletion

Answer 1

Answer:

Point (Gene mutation) mutation involves

(a) insertion

(b) change in single base pair ✔✔

(c) duplication

(d) deletion

Answer 2

Answer:

A point mutation is a mutation that only affects a single nucleotide of nucleic acid. Point mutations most commonly involve the substitution of one base for another (which changes the complementary base as well in DNA). The term point mutation also includes insertions or deletions of a single base pair.

Mutation in single nucleotide base of a DNA segment is called as a point mutation. It occurs by substitution or frameshift mutation. Exchange of one nitrogenous base for another base is called as substitution; option C is correct. The transition is the substitution of one type of base by other of its own type (purine –purine and pyrimidine –pyrimidine). Substitution of purine base for a pyrimidine base or substitution of pyrimidine base for a purine base is called as transversion. The gene mutations that alter the base sequence of the whole genetic frame from the point of the mutation are called frame shift mutations. Here, the reading frame of the base sequence is shifted forward (due to insertion of one or more nucleotide base) or in the backward direction (due to deletion of one or more nucleotide base); options A and B are correct. Duplication is the presence of extrachromosomal segment which is attached to the normal homologous chromosome causing duplication of a set of genes in the same chromosome; thus it is not a point mutation. Correct answers are A, B and C.

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