point out the dristibution of minerals in india
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Mineral Resource
• India is endowed with a rich variety of mineral resources due to its varied geological structure.
• On the basis of chemical and physical properties, minerals may be grouped under two main categories of metallics and non-metallics.
• Metallic minerals are the sources of metals. Iron ore, copper, gold produce metal and are included in this category. Metallic minerals are further divided into ferrous and non-ferrous metallic minerals. All those minerals which have iron content are ferrous such as iron ore itself and those which do not have iron content are non-ferrous such as copper, bauxite, etc.
• Non-metallic minerals are either organic in origin such as fossil fuels also known as mineral fuels which are derived from the buried animal and plant life such as coal and petroleum. Other type of non-metallic minerals are inorganic in origin such as mica, limestone and graphite, etc.
Mineral Belts of India
(1) North-Eastern Peninsular Belt:
• It is the richest mineral belt of India.
• Comprises of Chotanagpur plateau and Orissa plateau in Jharkhand, West Bengal and Orissa.
• The Chhotanagpur plateau is known as the mineral heart land of India, also Ruhr of India.
• It contains large quantities of coal, iron, manganese, mica, bauxite, Copper, Chromites, and Kyanite.
(2) Central Belt:
• It is the 2nd largest mineral belt of India.
• Comprises of Chhattisgarh, M.P, Andhra Pradesh and Maharashtra.
• It has large deposits of Manganese, bauxite, limestone, marble, coal, gems (Panna), mica, iron ore, graphite, etc.
(3) Southern Belt:
• It comprises mostly of Karnataka plateau and contiguous T.N. upland.
• It lacks coal deposits except lignite at Neyveli (T.N.).
• It is more or less similar to northeastern peninsular belt as far as deposits of ferrous minerals and bauxite is concerned.
(4) South-Western Belt:
• Southern Karnataka & Goa are included.
• It has deposits of iron-ore and clay.
(5) North-West Belt:
• Extends along the Aravallis in Rajasthan and in adjoining parts of Gujarat.
• Important minerals – Copper, lead, zinc, Uranium, mica, bauxite, gypsum, manganese, salt.
(6) The Indian Ocean
• Along with availability of petroleum and natural gas in the off shore areas the sea bed contains manganese nodules, phosphorite nodules and barium sulphate concentration
• The best quality nodules are found in water depths of more than 4000m.
• Phosphate nodules are mainly found near Andaman Islands.
• India is endowed with a rich variety of mineral resources due to its varied geological structure.
• On the basis of chemical and physical properties, minerals may be grouped under two main categories of metallics and non-metallics.
• Metallic minerals are the sources of metals. Iron ore, copper, gold produce metal and are included in this category. Metallic minerals are further divided into ferrous and non-ferrous metallic minerals. All those minerals which have iron content are ferrous such as iron ore itself and those which do not have iron content are non-ferrous such as copper, bauxite, etc.
• Non-metallic minerals are either organic in origin such as fossil fuels also known as mineral fuels which are derived from the buried animal and plant life such as coal and petroleum. Other type of non-metallic minerals are inorganic in origin such as mica, limestone and graphite, etc.
Mineral Belts of India
(1) North-Eastern Peninsular Belt:
• It is the richest mineral belt of India.
• Comprises of Chotanagpur plateau and Orissa plateau in Jharkhand, West Bengal and Orissa.
• The Chhotanagpur plateau is known as the mineral heart land of India, also Ruhr of India.
• It contains large quantities of coal, iron, manganese, mica, bauxite, Copper, Chromites, and Kyanite.
(2) Central Belt:
• It is the 2nd largest mineral belt of India.
• Comprises of Chhattisgarh, M.P, Andhra Pradesh and Maharashtra.
• It has large deposits of Manganese, bauxite, limestone, marble, coal, gems (Panna), mica, iron ore, graphite, etc.
(3) Southern Belt:
• It comprises mostly of Karnataka plateau and contiguous T.N. upland.
• It lacks coal deposits except lignite at Neyveli (T.N.).
• It is more or less similar to northeastern peninsular belt as far as deposits of ferrous minerals and bauxite is concerned.
(4) South-Western Belt:
• Southern Karnataka & Goa are included.
• It has deposits of iron-ore and clay.
(5) North-West Belt:
• Extends along the Aravallis in Rajasthan and in adjoining parts of Gujarat.
• Important minerals – Copper, lead, zinc, Uranium, mica, bauxite, gypsum, manganese, salt.
(6) The Indian Ocean
• Along with availability of petroleum and natural gas in the off shore areas the sea bed contains manganese nodules, phosphorite nodules and barium sulphate concentration
• The best quality nodules are found in water depths of more than 4000m.
• Phosphate nodules are mainly found near Andaman Islands.
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India is rich in mineral deposits. A wide variety of them are found many parts of India.
IRON
India has deposits of high grade iron ore.
States where iron ore is found: Jharkhand, Orissa, Chhattisgarh, Madhya Pradesh, Goa, Maharashtra and Karnataka.
BAUXITE
Bauxite is found in many states.
States where bauxite is found: Jharkhand, Orissa, Chhattisgarh, Madhya Pradesh, Gujarat, Maharashtra and Tamil Nadu.
MICA
India is the largest producer and exporter of mica in the world.
States where mica is found: Jharkhand, Bihar, Andhra Pradesh and Rajasthan.
COPPER
Copper is mainly found in Rajasthan, Madhya Pradesh, Jharkhand, Karnataka and Andhra Pradesh.
MAGANESE
Manganese deposits are found in Maharashtra, Madhya Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Orissa, Karnataka and Andhra Pradesh.
LIMESTONE
States where limestone is found Bihar, Jharkhand, Orissa, Madhya Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Rajasthan, Gujarat and Tamil Nadu.
GOLD
Kolar in Karnataka has deposits of gold in India. These mines are among the deepest in the world.
SALT
India is one of the world’s leading producers and exporters of salt. It is obtained from seas, lakes and rocks.
Salt is a dietary mineral essential for animal life.
It is composed primarily of sodium chloride.
Salt for human consumption is produced in different forms. They are unrefined salt or sea salt, refined salt or table salt), and iodized salt.
Salt is a crystalline solid, white, pale pink or light grey in color.
Salt is obtained by evaporation of sea water, usually in shallow basins warmed by sunlight.
The top five producers of salt are the United States , China , Germany , India and Canada.
Salt is used in more than 14,000 commercial applications other than in cooking. It is used in the manufacture of pulp and paper and setting dyes in textiles and fabric. It is also used in producing soaps and detergents .
Hope it helps you....
IRON
India has deposits of high grade iron ore.
States where iron ore is found: Jharkhand, Orissa, Chhattisgarh, Madhya Pradesh, Goa, Maharashtra and Karnataka.
BAUXITE
Bauxite is found in many states.
States where bauxite is found: Jharkhand, Orissa, Chhattisgarh, Madhya Pradesh, Gujarat, Maharashtra and Tamil Nadu.
MICA
India is the largest producer and exporter of mica in the world.
States where mica is found: Jharkhand, Bihar, Andhra Pradesh and Rajasthan.
COPPER
Copper is mainly found in Rajasthan, Madhya Pradesh, Jharkhand, Karnataka and Andhra Pradesh.
MAGANESE
Manganese deposits are found in Maharashtra, Madhya Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Orissa, Karnataka and Andhra Pradesh.
LIMESTONE
States where limestone is found Bihar, Jharkhand, Orissa, Madhya Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Rajasthan, Gujarat and Tamil Nadu.
GOLD
Kolar in Karnataka has deposits of gold in India. These mines are among the deepest in the world.
SALT
India is one of the world’s leading producers and exporters of salt. It is obtained from seas, lakes and rocks.
Salt is a dietary mineral essential for animal life.
It is composed primarily of sodium chloride.
Salt for human consumption is produced in different forms. They are unrefined salt or sea salt, refined salt or table salt), and iodized salt.
Salt is a crystalline solid, white, pale pink or light grey in color.
Salt is obtained by evaporation of sea water, usually in shallow basins warmed by sunlight.
The top five producers of salt are the United States , China , Germany , India and Canada.
Salt is used in more than 14,000 commercial applications other than in cooking. It is used in the manufacture of pulp and paper and setting dyes in textiles and fabric. It is also used in producing soaps and detergents .
Hope it helps you....
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