Point wise three important system of angiosperm classification elaborately
Answers
Explanation:
The kingdom Plantae consists of a diverse and varied group of plants that have been discovered and classified till date. It includes trees, shrubs, conifers and even moss. This group is further subdivided into Angiosperms, gymnosperms, pteridophytes, bryophytes and algae. This classification has been done based on external and internal features such as morphology, anatomy, structure, phytochemistry and so on.
Hence, considering the vast scope of this topic, we will limit our discussion to angiosperms only.
So, What is Angiosperms?
Angiosperms are a type of vascular plant that bear both flowers and fruits. These types of plants also contain ovules enclosed in an ovary. The ovule, once fertilised, develops into seeds which then mature into fruits.
The flowers in plants of these species help in pollination and protect the ovaries and the embryos whereas fruits aid in seed dispersal.
The characteristics of flowering plants or angiosperms that sets it apart from gymnosperms are four sets of organs. These organs are –
- Sepals.
- Petals.
- Stamens.
- Carpels
The diagram below illustrates each of these parts of a flower –
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According to fossil evidence, this species was first seen during the lower cretaceous period, and it started to evolve rapidly by the middle cretaceous period. It is one of the most diverse groups among the others within the plant kingdom.
One can find angiogram plants ranging from small flowering plants to huge woody trees such as mountain ash trees. However, angiosperm plants belong to two groups which are discussed below.
Classification of Angiosperms
The two major classifications of angiosperms are done based on the number of leaves on cotyledons. They are –
- Monocotyledons – The zygote has one embryonic leaf.
- Dicotyledons – Cotyledons with two leaf cotyledons.
The function of the cotyledons is to move food from the food storage area to the developing embryo.
