Question

Political parties need to face overcome a number of challenges in order to remain effective instrument of democracy write about any two of the challenges while citing appropriate example

Answer 1

Sometimes other sensible parties interfere with the working of winning party which makes the citizens lose faith in the govt.
Many times , the political parties use bad tricks, unfair means and muscular power to suppress others.

Answer 2

First challenge is lack of internal democracy within parties
All over the world there is tendency in political parties towards the concentration of power in one or few leaders at the top of the parties do not keep membership​ register, do not hold organisation meeting and do not conduct internal regularly . ordinary members of the party do not get sufficient information on what happens inside the party.
As a result the leader assume greater power to make decisions in the name of the party.





The second challenge of dynastic succession is related to first' one
The most political parties do not practice open and transparent produces for their functioning there are very few ways for an ordinary workers to rise to the top in a party . Those who happen to be the leader are in a positive of unfair advantage to favour people close to them or even their family members.
This is also bad for democracy since people who do not have adequate experience or popular support come to occupy position of power