Question

Polymorphic cell organelle is
(1)Vacuole
(2)Lysosome
(3)Golgi bodies
(4)Endoplasmic reticulum

Answer 1

hey mate .... ur answer is (2)Polymorphic

Answer 2

Answer:

Endoplasmic reticulum is widespread in cytoplasm. It is continuous with the nuclear membrane and also with the plasma membrane.

•It consists of following components :

a. Cisternae :

•These comprise of long, flattened and unbranched units arranged in stacks.

. Vesicles:

•These are membrane bound structures oval in shape.

c. Tubules

•These are generally branched membrane bound tubes irregular in shape. These are free or associated with cisternae.

•Endoplasmic reticulum divides the intracellular space into two distinct compartments i.e. luminal compartment and extra luminal compartment.

Types of Endoplasmic Reticulum

S.No. Rough ER Smooth ER

1

It is granular in nature and more stable structure

It is agranular in nature and less stable structure

2

Ribophorin I and II are two glycoproteins which aid in binding of rough ER to 80s ribosomes.

Ribosomes and ribophorins are absent in smooth ER.

3

Ribosomes and ribophorins are absent in smooth ER.

It comprise mainly of tubules

4

Its presence is mainly found in cells actively engaged in protein synthesis like antibody production

Its presence is mainly found in cells actively engaged in lipid, glycogen metabolism and detoxification of drugs and poison. It also regulates calcium ion concentration in muscles for muscle contraction.

5

For example: Liver, pancreas etc.

For example: Adipose tissue, Interstitial cells etc.

Functions of ER

• Endoplasmic reticulum is involved in formation of endoskeleton along with microfilaments and microtubules.

• ER performs transport of substances within cytoplasm thus acts as a intracellular conducting system.

• ER being attached to plasma membrane also helps in secretion of substances outside the cell.

• ER being a widespread structure in cytoplasm provides increased surface area for various metabolic activities in cytoplasm.

RER and SER

3-D ER Structure

Golgi Complex

History

C. Golgi in 1897 identified Golgi complex in nerve cell of owl as internal reticular apparatus. In 1898 the organelle was named after him.

Structure

Golgi bodies are single membrane bound cell organelles pleomorphic in nature. Its structure is composed of 60% proteins and 40% phospholipids. It comprises of four parts.