population policy in India (topics) ??
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Population Policies formulated to address the unmet needs for contraception, health care infrastructure, and health personnel, and to provide integrated service delivery for basic reproductive and child health care. The main objective is to achieve a stable population at a level consistent with the requirements of sustainable economic growth, social development, and environmental protection
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Population Policies of India
Population Policies formulated to address the unmet needs for contraception, health care infrastructure, and health personnel, and to provide integrated service delivery for basic reproductive and child health care. The main objective is to achieve a stable population at a level consistent with the requirements of sustainable economic growth, social development, and environmental protection. Several policies have been formulated in different Five-Year Plans by the Government of India for population control.
By SHAKEEL ANWAR JUL 11, 2017 11:30 IST
Population Policies formulated to address the unmet needs for contraception, health care infrastructure, and health personnel, and to provide integrated service delivery for basic reproductive and child health care. The main objective is to achieve a stable population at a level consistent with the requirements of sustainable economic growth, social development, and environmental protection.
Population Policies of India
Five-Year Plans by the Government of India for population control
First Five Year Plan: India is the first country in the world to begin a population control programme in 1952. It emphasized the use of natural devices for family planning.
Second Five Year Plan: Work was done in the direction of education and research and the clinical approach was encouraged.
Third Five Year Plan: In 1965, the sterilization technique for both men and women was adopted under this plan. The technique of copper- T was also adopted. An independent department called the Family Planning Department was set up.
Fourth Five-Year Plan: All kinds of birth control methods (conventional and modern) were encouraged.
Fifth Five Year Plan: Under this plan the National Population Policy was announced on 16 April, 1976. In this policy, the minimum age for marriage determined by the Sharda Act, 1929 was increased. It increased the age for boys from 18 to 21 years and for girls from 14 to 18 years. The number of MPs and MLAs was fixed till the year 2001 on the basis of the census 1971. Under this Plan, forced sterilization was permitted which was later on given up. In 1977, the Janata Party government changed the name of Family Planning Department to Family Welfare Department.
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In that decade there were aggressive sterilisation campaigns, mainly targeting men, and these have stigmatised family planning ever since.
India is forecast to become the world’s most populous country in 2030, up from 1.25 billion today to nearly 1.5 billion.
Teaching poorly educated women in remote communities how to use pills or contraceptives is more expensive than the mass sterilisation campaigns, and despite successive years of economic growth, governments have systematically chosen the cheaper option.
Experts point out that the population control strategy is linked to a series of other problems relating to discrimination against women and marginalised communities. In Indian states where female literacy is higher the fertility rates are lower.
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