Postulate of molecular orbital theoty
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Main postulates of this theory are Atomic orbitals of comparable energy and proper symmetry combine together to form molecular orbitals. The movement of electrons in amolecular orbital is influenced by all the nuclei of combining atoms.
POSTULATES OF MOLECULAR ORBITAL THEORY:
1) atomic orbitals combine to form new orbitals called molecular orbitals.
2) When two atomic orbitals combine they loose there identity and form new orbitals.
3) molecular orbitals are the energy state of a molecule in which the electrons of the molecule are filled just as atomic orbital.
4) molecular orbitals gives the electron probability distribution around a group of nucleii.
5) Only those Atomic orbital can combine to form molecular orbitals which have comparable energies and proper orientation.
6) The number of molecular orbitals formed is equal to the number of combining atomic orbitals.
7) When two atomic orbitals combine, They form two new orbitals called bonding molecular orbital and anti-bonding orbitals.
8) The bonding molecular orbital has lower energy and hence greater stability then the corresponding anti-bonding molecular orbital.
9) The bonding molecular orbitals are represented by sigma,pi whereas the corresponding anti-bonding molecular orbitals are represented by sigma star(sigma*),pi star(pi*).
10) The shape of the molecular orbital formed depend upon type of the combining atomic orbitals.
11) The filling of molecular orbitals takes place according to the same rules as those of atomic orbitals (pawli exclusion principle, Hund's maximum multiplicity rule )
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