Question

Poultry gut with mucus layer crypt commensal bacteria

Answer 1

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Answer:

In addition to characteristic microbial compositions along the longitudinal axis of the intestines, discrete bacterial communities form in micro- habitats, such as the gut lumen, colonic mucus layers and colonic crypts [14]. ... The commensal bacteria in the colon live and thrive in the outer loose mucus layer.

Answer 2

Explanation:

The gastrointestinal (GI) tract of poultry is densely populated with microorganisms which closely and intensively interact with the host and ingested feed. The gut microbiome benefits the host by providing nutrients from otherwise poorly utilized dietary substrates and modulating the development and function of the digestive and immune system. In return, the host provides a permissive habitat and nutrients for bacterial colonization and growth. Gut microbiome can be affected by diet, and different dietary interventions are used by poultry producers to enhance bird growth and reduce risk of enteric infection by pathogens. There also exist extensive interactions among members of the gut microbiome. A comprehensive understanding of these interactions will help develop new dietary or managerial interventions that can enhance bird growth, maximize host feed utilization, and protect birds from enteric diseases caused by pathogenic bacteria.