Question

Power sharing in Sri Lanka

Answer 1

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Answer 2

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When Sri Lankan became an independent country in 1948, the leaders of the Sinhala community wanted to secure their dominance over the Government by virtue of their majority. In 1956, an Act was passed to recognize Sinhala as the only official language, thereby disregarding Tamil. Moreover, a new constitution stipulated that the state shall protect and foster Buddhism. All these newly implemented back-to-back measures gradually gave rise to the feeling of alienation among the Sri Lankan Tamils. As a result, the relations between the Sinhala and the Tamil communities strained over time. The Sri Lankan Tamils launched parties and struggles. But their demand for more autonomy to provinces populated by the Tamils was repeatedly denied. The distrust between the two communities turned into a widespread conflict and soon took the shape of a Civil War. The social, cultural, and economic growth of the country suffered a terrible setback because of the civil war.

In a sharp contrast to the Belgium case-study, the Sri Lanka case-study demonstrates that if a majority community wants to impose its dominance over others and refuses to share power, it can undermine the unity and the safety of the country.