predict the reason why anomalous nTure of elements
Answers
Answer:
Carbon shows anomalous behavior due to various properties as exceptional size, high electrification, high ionization energy, and absence of d-orbitals. Carbon has high melting and boiling point compared to the other elements of the same group.
Answer:
Anomalous Behaviour :
nirtogen :
(i) It forms pπ -pπ multiple bonds . eg. NΞN ( or with high electronegative elements like C, O ). Other elements of this group does not form pπ -pπ bonds because of their large size they cant have effective overlapping.
(ii) It cannot form dπ -pπ bonds because of the absence of the d orbitals.
(iii) N-N is weaker than P-P bond because in case of nitrogen due to its small size non-bonding electrons have high repulsion.
(iv) Nitrogen forms tripple bond b/w its atoms (NΞN ), while P,As and Sb forms single bond ( eg. P-P) , while Bi is metallic.
oxygen : due to the high electronegativity of oxygen , there is strong H-bonding present in water which is not there in H2S.
fluorine :
(i) Most reactions of fluorine are exothermic because it forms strong and small bonds with other elements.
(ii) HF is a liquid due to strong H-bonding while other halogen halides are gases .
Reasons:
(i) small size
(ii) high electronegativity
(iii) absence of d orbitals
(iv) high IE
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