Predict the shapes & hybridization of NH3, NH4+, PCl5, BeF2
Answers
Answer:
To know the shape of a molecule we first need to calculate its hybridization.
Assuming you know the formula for calculating hybridization of a molecule and difference between geometry and shape.
However if you don't, then don’t worry, the formula for calculating hybridization is : 1/2 ( No. of Valence electrons in central atom - total positive charge on the molecule + total negative charge + no. of monovalent atom)
= 1/2 ( V - C + A + M )
Hope you know the meaning of the term central atom and monovalent atom.
Furthermore, the difference between geometry and shape is that geometry is dependent upon both bond pair and lone pair of electrons whereas shape only depends upon bond pair of electrons.
I am doing the first one giving all the details and rest i will do normally(without so much of details)…
(i) BF3
Hybridization = 1/2 ( no valence electrons on Boron - total positive charge on molecule + total negative charge on molecule + No. of monovalent atom)
V = 3 { Boron electronic configuration: 1s2 2s2 2p1}
C = 0 { total positive charge on molecule}
A = 0 { total negative charge on molecule}
M = No. of F atoms present=3 {F is monovalent atom}
Hybridization = 1/2 ( 3 - 0 + 0 + 3} = 1/2 (6) = 3
Therefore, it is “sp2″ hybridized {1s + 2p = 3 (total)}
Sp2 hybridized means it has trigonal planar geometry.
[Now if you want to know how did I get this, you have to study or do some research on the topic, I cannot explain anything more on this, you simply have to learn which geometry is for which hybridization, that's it. Its not that difficult.]
Now, the main question, what is it's shape, well I have told you earlier that shape depends only on bond pair and not lone pair.. Luckily we don't have any lone pair in this molecule so we don't have to worry much, its shape will be same as that of its geometry.
Hence, its shape will also be trigonal planar.
(ii)NH3
1/2 (5 + 3) = 4
Hybridization = sp3 (1+3=4)
Geometry = Tetrahedral
Shape will be same as gemetry because no lone pair is there, so it is also tetrahedral.
(iii)SF6
1/2 ( 6 + 6) = 6
Hybridization = sp3d2
Geometry = Octahedral
Shape = Octahedral
(iv)PCl5
1/2 ( 5 + 5) = 5
Hybridization = sp3d
Geometry = Trigonal bipyramidal
Shape = Trigonal bipyramidal
HOPE IT HELPS,
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(coz it has taken a lot of effort to write this huge answer)….
Thank you…
What are the shapes of BF3 and NH3?
What is the shape of SF6 and what is the name of the shape?
Why do BF3 and NH3 have different shapes?
What is the shape of an NH3 molecule?
What is the shape of PCL3?
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What are the shapes of BF3 and NH3?
What is the shape of SF6 and what is the name of the shape?
Why do BF3 and NH3 have different shapes?
What is the shape of an NH3 molecule?
What is the shape of PCL3?
What is the shape and structure of BF3?
Why does NH3 and BF3 have the same shape?
What is the shape of SF4 molecule?
What is the molecular shape of BF3.NH3?
What is the molecular shape of PCl3?
I have read that in BF3.NH3, the boron atom is sp3 hybridized. How is this possible?
What is the structure of BF3?
What is SF6, and what is its molecular shape?
Why is the shape of NH3 pyramidal but the shape of NH4 is tetrahedral?
Why does a BF3 molecule have a planar shape while an NH3 molecule is pyramidal?
Explanation:
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