Preparation and uses of sodium hydroxide
Answers
Preparation- it can be prepare by chlor alkali process
It is the process In which Nacl is electrolized then it from NaOH
Reaction-2Nacl+2h2o=2NaOH +h2+cl2
Uses- in making soap and detergent
It is used as laboratory agent
It is also used to extract the metals
Sodium hydroxide is commonly called caustic soda because of its corrosive action on animal and vegetable tissues. Large quantity of sodium hydroxide is prepared by electrolytic process called the 'Chlor-alkali process'. Here, chlorine gas is given of at the anode and hydrogen gas at the cathode. Sodium hydroxide solution is formed near the cathode.
Properties
Sodium hydroxide is a white deliquescent solid having melting point at 591 K (318°C)
It is stable towards heat
It is highly soluble in water and considerable amount of heat is evolved due to the formation of a number of hydrates e.g., NaOH.H2O, NaOH.2H2O. It is also soluble in alcohol
Aqueous solution of sodium hydroxide is strongly alkaline due to its complete dissociation into Na+ and OH-
property of sodium hydroxide or caustic soda
Solution of sodium hydroxide is soapy to touch. It has a bitter taste. When a concentrated solution of sodium hydroxide comes in contact with skin, it breaks down the skin and flesh to a pasty mass.
Uses
In the manufacture of soap, paper, viscose rayon (artificial silk), organic dyestuffs, and many other chemicals
In the refining of petroleum and vegetable oils
In the purification of bauxite for the extraction of aluminium
As a cleansing agent and in washing powder for machines, metal sheets etc. It is too caustic to be used in washing clothes or hands
For mercerizing cotton
As a reagent in the laboratory
In reclaiming rubber
In the preparation of soda lime
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