Question

Preparation of alkyene and benzene

Answer 1

Benzene is a cyclic hydrocarbonwith a chemical formula C6H6, that is, each carbon atom in benzene is arranged in a six-membered ring and is bonded to only one hydrogen atom. According to molecular orbital theory for benzene structure, benzene ring involves the formation of three delocalized π – orbitals spanning all six carbon atoms, while the valence bond theory describes two stable resonance structures for the ring. Benzene is one of the most fundamental compounds used in the manufacturing of various plastics, resins, synthetic fibers, rubber lubricants, dyes, detergents, drugs, and pesticides. Naturally, benzene is produced through volcanoes and forest fires. There are various laboratories and industrial techniques existing for the preparation of benzene.  Commercially, benzene is chiefly obtained from coal tar. Some of the laboratory techniques for the preparation of benzene are discussed below:

Preparation of benzene from alkynes:

Benzene is prepared from ethyne by the process of cyclic polymerization. In this process, Ethyne is passed through a red hot iron tube at 873 K. The ethyne molecule then undergoes cyclic polymerization to form benzene.

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