prepare 12% of nacl in 22 ml of water
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Answer:
Preparing Chemical Solutions
Lab experiments and types of research often require preparation of chemical solutions in their procedure. We look at preparation of these chemical solutions by weight (w/v) and by volume (v/v). The glossary below cites definitions to know when your work calls for making these and the most accurate molar solutions.
To this we add information designed for understanding how to use the pH scale when measuring acidity or alkalinity of a solution.
Glossary, basic terms to understand...
Solute - The substance which dissolves in a solution
Solvent - The substance which dissolves another to form a solution. For example, in a sugar and water solution, water is the solvent; sugar is the solute.
Solution - A mixture of two or more pure substances. In a solution one pure substance is dissolved in another pure substance homogenously. For example, in a sugar and water solution, the solution has the same concentration throughout, ie. it is homogenous.
Mole - A fundamental unit of mass (like a "dozen" to a baker) used by chemists. This term refers to a large number of elementary particles (atoms, molecules, ions, electrons, etc) of any substance. 1 mole is 6.02 x 1023 molecules of that substance. (Avogadro's number).M
Introduction to preparation of solutions.
Many experiments involving chemicals call for their use in solution form. That is, two or more substances are mixed together in known quantities. This may involve weighing a precise amount of dry material or measuring a precise amount of liquid. Preparing solutions accurately will improve an experiment's safety and chances for success.
Solution 1: Using percentage by weight (w/v)
Formula
The formula for weight percent (w/v) is: [Mass of solute (g) / Volume of solution (ml)] x 100
Example
A 10% NaCl solution has ten grams of sodium chloride dissolved in 100 ml of solution.
Procedure
Weigh 10g of sodium chloride. Pour it into a graduated cylinder or volumetric flask containing about 80ml of water. Once the sodium chloride has dissolved completely (swirl the flask gently if necessary), add water to bring the volume up to the final 100 ml. Caution: Do not simply measure 100ml of water and add 10g of sodium chloride. This will introduce error because adding the solid will change the final volume of the solution and throw off the final percentage.
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