prepare a concept map on various on cell organelles
Answers
Concept Map of Cellular Structures
Microtubules
Structure
Long and hollow cylinders that consist of subunits of the protein tubulin.
Function
They form a dynamic scaffolding for cellular processes. They assemble when needed and disassemble when not needed.
Plasma Membrane
Structure
Membrane that encloses the cell which is composed of a bilayer of proteins.
Function
Selectively controls the kinds and amounts of substances moving in and out of the cell. (selectively permeable)
Extracellular Matrix (ECM)
Structure
Structure differs among groups but it is in most cases a wall.
Function
Protects, supports, and imparts shapes of the cell.
Intermediate Filaments
Structure
Fibrous proteins (lamina) coiled together.
Function
Stable cytoskeletal element that supports cells and tissues.
Microfilaments
Structure
Fibers that consist of subunits of actin.
Function
Strengthen or change the shape of eukaryotic cells.
Lysosomes
Structure
Compartments/vessels for waste disposal and recycling.
Function
Digests and recycles materials.
Cell junctions
Structure
Sites of physical contact between cells.
Function
Connect cells to other cells and the environment.
Nucleus
Structure
An organelle with a double membrane.
Function
Houses the genetic information of the cell. (DNA)
Nuclear envelope
Structure
Two lipid bilayers folded together in a single membrane.
Function
Controlling which substances can cross to the nucleus. Basically the membrane of the nucleus.
Chloroplasts
Function
Organelle that sparks photosynthesis in the cells of plants.
Structure
Oval or disc shaped plastids specialized for photosynthesis.
Mitochondria
Structure
An oval shaped organelle with a double membrane.
Function
Eukaryotic organelle that specialises in making ATP.
Rough ER
Structure
Bound ribosomes.
Function
Transports carbohydrates and proteins to different parts of the cell
Smooth ER
Structure
No bound ribosomes.
Function
Carries enzymes that break down carbohydrates, lipids, toxins, and waste.
Golgi Apparatus
Structure
Flat disks called cisternae.
Function
Modifies proteins to send them to the ER.
Ribosomes
Structure
Two subunits made of RNA and proteins.
Function
Organelle where proteins are synthesized
