Prepare a report on various types of pollution in the environment. Also
specify their causes and some ways to prevent them.
Answers
Answer:
Explanation:
Pollution Control
Ricardo Beiras, in Marine Pollution, 2018
18.4 Regulations for Complex Effluents and Depuration of Waste Waters
Complex effluents are characterized on the basis of general parameters (Biological Oxygen Demand [BOD], suspended solids [SS], nutrients) and presence of priority substances
Point-source control of pollution is based on emission standards the discharges must meet to be authorized. These standards address general water quality parameters such as Biological Oxygen Demand (BOD), suspended solids (SS), or nutrients. In addition, specific legislation may target priority substances, such as trace metals or persistent organics (POPs), whose presence in the discharges may be restricted to maximum levels or prohibited. In Canada, current regulations include testing acute lethality of the effluent to rainbow trout.21
The US Clean Water Act, derived from the 1948 Water Pollution Control Act, was designed to control the point-source discharge of effluents into surface waters. Effluent standards are set for categories of existing sources, including WWTP, and permits of discharge are issued for emissions provided the discharges meet those performance standards. The standards are issued by EPA on the basis, not of ecotoxicological impact or risk assessment, but on the application of the best available technology each type of source can achieve.
In Europe, the protection of the environment from the adverse effects of urban waste water discharges is addressed in Directive 91/1971, (later amended by Directive 98/15/EC) which enforces appropriate collection, secondary treatment for all emissions above 2000 inhabitant equivalents, and additional treatment for nutrient removal for emissions to areas sensitive to hypereutrophication. Also, compliance with general emission standards for BOD (See Table 2.2), Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD), SS, and for sensitive areas, nutrients (see Table 3.1) is required. In addition, Directive 2006/11 issues two lists of priority substances (see Section 18.1) termed dangerous substances, whose emission must be subjected to a previous permit and according to substance-specific emission standards. List I, substances whose pollution in the water should be eliminated, include organohalogens and organophosphates, organotin compounds, Hg, Cd, mineral oil, and petroleum hydrocarbons, carcinogenic and persistent floating substances interfering with navigation, leisure, or other uses of water. List II, whose pollution in the water should be reduced, includes a wide array of trace elements and organic chemicals. The lists are similar to the black and gray lists from the 1972 London Convention (see Table 18.1).
Answer:
Types of pollution are:Air pollution,Water pollution,Land pollution
1.Air pollution:Air pollution is caused due to heavy use of vehicles .To prevent air pollution we have to use less vehicles
2. Water pollution: Water pollution is caused due to the chemical Water released from factories
3.Land pollution:Land pollution is caused due to the chemical Water which is used to grow plants