Question

Prepare a table consisting of any four metals and four non – metals. The table should have following

information-

i. Name of material ii. Physical Properties

iii. Chemical Properties iv. Uses​

Answer 1

Answer:

Metals:

Name: Copper

Physical properties:

1) Good conductor of electricity

2) Good conductor of heat.

3) Very ductile

Chemical properties

1) It produces green coloured rust on reaction with water, oxygen and carbon dioxide present in the air. The rust contains copper hydroxide and copper carbonate.

2) It can be replaced from its salt solution by reactive metal. 

Fe + CuSO4 --> FeSO4 + Cu

Use:

It is used in electrical wires as it is a good conductor of electricity and very ductile.

Name: Aluminium

Physical properties:

1) Good conductor of electricity.

2) High tensile strength.

3) Very malleable.

Chemical properties-

1) It reacts with the base.

Aluminium + potassium hydroxide --> potassium aluminate + hydrogen

2) It reacts with acid.

2Al + 6HCl --> 2AlCl3 + 3H2

Uses:

Aluminium foil, which is very light, is used to pack food, medicines etc. Aluminium is also used for making wires and utensils.

Name: Magnesium

Physical properties:

1) It is very light, its density is two third of aluminium.

2) Very malleable.

Chemical properties:

1) React with oxygen:

2Mg + O2 --> 2MgO

2) React with acid.

Mg + H2SO4 --> MgSO4 + H2

Use:

Magnesium burns in air with a dazzling white light when ignited. Therefore it is used in fireworks.

Name: Gold

Physical properties-

1) They are very lustrous.

2) Very malleable.

3) Very ductile.

Chemical properties:

It is non-reactive metal. Do not react with acid, base or air. Thus it is called noble metal.

Use

It is used for making jewellery.

Non-metals:

Name: Carbon

Physical properties:

1) Exists in solid state

2) bad conductor of heat.

Chemical properties:

1) Reacts with oxygen:

C + O2 --> CO2

2) Reacts with water

C + H2O --> CO + H2

Uses:

Diamond is used as a gemstone. Graphite is used as a lubricant.

Name: Sulphur

Physical properties:

1) It exists as solid.

2) Non sonorous

Chemical properties 

1) It react with oxygen

S + O2 --> SO2

2) Its oxides are acidic in nature. When sulphur dioxide reacts with water forms a sulphurous acid.

SO2 + H2O --> H2SO3

Uses:

It is used in the manufacture of dyes, matches, fireworks and gunpowder.

Name: Chlorine

Physical properties

1) It exists as a gas under ordinary conditions.

Chemical properties

1) Displacement reaction:

Cl2 + 2NaBr --> 2NaCl + Br2

2) It reacts with water in presence of sunlight or heat.

2Cl2 + 2H2O --> 4HCl + O2

Uses:

It is used for the manufacture of many plastics, polyvinyl chloride. It is used to disinfect water as it kills germs.

Name: oxygen

Physical properties

1) It exists as a gas.

Chemical properties:

Above reactions involving oxygen as reactants can be used to write chemical properties on an index card.

Uses

It is most important non-metal as it is required for respiration. All combustion processes need oxygen.

Explanation:

Answer 2

Answer:

Metals:

Name: Copper

Physical properties:

1) Good conductor of electricity

2) Good conductor of heat.

3) Very ductile

Chemical properties

1) It produces green coloured rust on reaction with water, oxygen and carbon dioxide present in the air. The rust contains copper hydroxide and copper carbonate.

2) It can be replaced from its salt solution by reactive metal.  

Fe + CuSO4 --> FeSO4 + Cu

Use:

It is used in electrical wires as it is a good conductor of electricity and very ductile.

Name: Aluminium

Physical properties:

1) Good conductor of electricity.

2) High tensile strength.

3) Very malleable.

Chemical properties-

1) It reacts with the base.

Aluminium + potassium hydroxide --> potassium aluminate + hydrogen

2) It reacts with acid.

2Al + 6HCl --> 2AlCl3 + 3H2

Uses:

Aluminium foil, which is very light, is used to pack food, medicines etc. Aluminium is also used for making wires and utensils.

Name: Magnesium

Physical properties:

1) It is very light, its density is two third of aluminium.

2) Very malleable.

Chemical properties:

1) React with oxygen:

2Mg + O2 --> 2MgO

2) React with acid.

Mg + H2SO4 --> MgSO4 + H2

Use:

Magnesium burns in air with a dazzling white light when ignited. Therefore it is used in fireworks.

Name: Gold

Physical properties-

1) They are very lustrous.

2) Very malleable.

3) Very ductile.

Chemical properties:

It is non-reactive metal. Do not react with acid, base or air. Thus it is called noble metal.

Use

It is used for making jewellery.

Non-metals:

Name: Carbon

Physical properties:

1) Exists in solid state

2) bad conductor of heat.

Chemical properties:

1) Reacts with oxygen:

C + O2 --> CO2

2) Reacts with water

C + H2O --> CO + H2

Uses:

Diamond is used as a gemstone. Graphite is used as a lubricant.

Name: Sulphur

Physical properties:

1) It exists as solid.

2) Non sonorous

Chemical properties  

1) It react with oxygen

S + O2 --> SO2

2) Its oxides are acidic in nature. When sulphur dioxide reacts with water forms a sulphurous acid.

SO2 + H2O --> H2SO3

Uses:

It is used in the manufacture of dyes, matches, fireworks and gunpowder.

Name: Chlorine

Physical properties

1) It exists as a gas under ordinary conditions.

Chemical properties

1) Displacement reaction:

Cl2 + 2NaBr --> 2NaCl + Br2

2) It reacts with water in presence of sunlight or heat.

2Cl2 + 2H2O --> 4HCl + O2

Uses:

It is used for the manufacture of many plastics, polyvinyl chloride. It is used to disinfect water as it kills germs.

Name: oxygen

Physical properties

1) It exists as a gas.

Chemical properties:

Above reactions involving oxygen as reactants can be used to write chemical properties on an index card.

Uses

It is most important non-metal as it is required for respiration. All combustion processes need oxygen.

Explanation: