Prepare index cards of any four metals / non-metals. the card should have information like name of metal / non-metal, its physical properties and its uses.
Answers
Answer:
Name: Copper
Physical properties:
1) Good conductor of electricity
2) Good conductor of heat.
3) Very ductile
Chemical properties
1) It produces green coloured rust on reaction with water, oxygen and carbon dioxide present in the air. The rust contains copper hydroxide and copper carbonate.
2) It can be replaced from its salt solution by reactive metal.
Fe + CuSO4 --> FeSO4 + Cu
Use:
It is used in electrical wires as it is a good conductor of electricity and very ductile.
Name: Aluminium
Physical properties:
1) Good conductor of electricity.
2) High tensile strength.
3) Very malleable.
Chemical properties-
1) It reacts with the base.
Aluminium + potassium hydroxide --> potassium aluminate + hydrogen
2) It reacts with acid.
2Al + 6HCl --> 2AlCl3 + 3H2
Uses:
Aluminium foil, which is very light, is used to pack food, medicines etc. Aluminium is also used for making wires and utensils.
Name: Magnesium
Physical properties:
1) It is very light, its density is two third of aluminium.
2) Very malleable.
Chemical properties:
1) React with oxygen:
2Mg + O2 --> 2MgO
2) React with acid.
Mg + H2SO4 --> MgSO4 + H2
Use:
Magnesium burns in air with a dazzling white light when ignited. Therefore it is used in fireworks.
Name: Gold
Physical properties-
1) They are very lustrous.
2) Very malleable.
3) Very ductile.
Chemical properties:
It is non-reactive metal. Do not react with acid, base or air. Thus it is called noble metal.
Use
It is used for making jewellery.
Non-metals:
Name: Carbon
Physical properties:
1) Exists in solid state
2) bad conductor of heat.
Chemical properties:
1) Reacts with oxygen:
C + O2 --> CO2
2) Reacts with water
C + H2O --> CO + H2
Uses:
Diamond is used as a gemstone. Graphite is used as a lubricant.
Name: Sulphur
Physical properties:
1) It exists as solid.
2) Non sonorous
Chemical properties
1) It react with oxygen
S + O2 --> SO2
2) Its oxides are acidic in nature. When sulphur dioxide reacts with water forms a sulphurous acid.
SO2 + H2O --> H2SO3
Uses:
It is used in the manufacture of dyes, matches, fireworks and gunpowder.
Name: Chlorine
Physical properties
1) It exists as a gas under ordinary conditions.
Chemical properties
1) Displacement reaction:
Cl2 + 2NaBr --> 2NaCl + Br2
2) It reacts with water in presence of sunlight or heat.
2Cl2 + 2H2O --> 4HCl + O2
Uses:
It is used for the manufacture of many plastics, polyvinyl chloride. It is used to disinfect water as it kills germs.
Name: oxygen
Physical properties
1) It exists as a gas.
Chemical properties:
Above reactions involving oxygen as reactants can be used to write chemical properties on an index card.
Uses
It is most important non-metal as it is required for respiration. All combustion processes need oxygen.
Answer:
Metals:
Lithium
Beryllium
Sodium
Magnesium
Aluminium
Potassium
Calcium
Scandium
Titanium
Vanadium
Non metals :
Hydrogen,Helium,Chlorine,Fluorine
Carbon,Nitrogen
Oxygen,Phosphorous,Bromine,Iodine
Physical Properties of Metals
Metals
The following are the physical properties of metal :
The physical properties make them useful for many purposes. For e.g. Copper is used in making electric wires, gold is used to make jewellery, stainless steel is used to make pots, pans, etc
Metals react with nonmetals to form ionic bonds. For e.g. Sodium Chloride (NaCl)
Metals are a good conductor of electricity which means that they can conduct electricity due to the free moving electrons present in them. Copper is used as wiring as it is a good conductor of electricity.
Metals have high melting points and high boiling points as they have strong metallic bonds.
All metals are physically lustrous. They have a lustre that makes them shine. Gold is used for making jewellery.
Metals are hard, they can’t be broken easily and require a lot of energy and strength to break. Iron is used to make cars, buildings, ships, etc.
Metals weigh a lot as they have a high density. Metals are heavy for their size.
They don’t have flexibility and have tensile strength. Metals can’t be stretched.
Metals are great conductors of heat. That’s why pots, pans, vessels are made of metals.