present condition of non conventional energy in India
atleast 6 points
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The sources of energy which are exhaustible and being produced continuously in nature are called nonconventional energy or renewable sources of energy. Some of these sources include solar energy, wind energy and tidal energy. The conventional energy sources are basically based on fossil fuels which have finite reserves in nature and hence would extinct in future. Since the development and progress of mankind are closely related to energy sources, many countries throughout the world have engaged themselves in searching and developing non-conventional energy sources that would be very essential to sustain the life cycle of human being.
Energy is the primary and most universal measure of all kinds work by human beings and nature. Everything what happens the world is the expression of flow of energy in one of its forms. Energy is the major input to drive the life cycle and improve it. Energy consumption is closely related to the progress of the mankind. In future, improvement in the living standard of the mankind, industrialization of the developing countries and the global demand for energy will increase with the every growing population. The development of infrastructure plays a significant role to sustain economic growth. The power sector is one of the major significant constituents of infrastructure. In general, India is dependent on conventional sources of energy like thermal, hydro and nuclear.
The conventional sources of energy are generally nonrenewable sources of energy, which are being used since a long time. These sources of energy are being used extensively in such a way that their known reserves have been depleted to a great extent. The sources of energy which are being produced continuously in nature and are in exhaustible are called nonconventional energy (or) renewable sources of energy. Figure 1 provides the pictorial views of different forms of non-conventional energy sources and renewable energy sources options, respectively.
Solar energy is the most readily available and free source of energy since prehistoric times. It is estimated that solar energy equivalent to over 15,000 times the world's annual commercial energy consumption reaches the earth every year. Solar energy can be utilized through two different routes, as solar thermal route and solar electric (solar photovoltaic) routes. Solar thermal route uses the sun's heat to produce hot water or air, cook food, drying materials etc. Solar photovoltaic uses sun's heat to produce electricity for lighting home and building, running motors, pumps, electric appliances, and lighting. In solar thermal route, solar energy can be converted into thermal energy with the help of solar collectors and receivers known as solar thermal devices.