Question

presentation of animal husbandry

Answer 1

Animal husbandry is the branch of agricultureconcerned with animals that are raised for meat, fibre, milk, eggs, or other products. It includes day-to-day care, selective breedingand the raising of livestock.

Husbandry has a long history, starting with the Neolithic revolution when animals were first domesticated, from around 13,000 BC onwards, antedating farming of the first crops. By the time of early civilisations such as ancient Egypt, cattle, sheep, goats and pigswere being raised on farms.

Major changes took place in the Columbian Exchange when Old World livestock were brought to the New World, and then in the British Agricultural Revolution of the 18th century, when livestock breeds like the Dishley Longhorn cattle and Lincoln Longwool sheep were rapidly improved by agriculturalists such as Robert Bakewell to yield more meat, milk, and wool.

A wide range of other species such as horse, water buffalo, llama, rabbit and guinea pig are used as livestock in some parts of the world. Insect farming, as well as aquaculture of fish, molluscs, and crustaceans, is widespread.

Modern animal husbandry relies on production systems adapted to the type of land available. Subsistence farming is being superseded by intensive animal farming in the more developed parts of the world, where for example beef cattle are kept in high density feedlots, and thousands of chickens may be raised in broiler houses or batteries. On poorer soil such as in uplands, animals are often kept more extensively, and may be allowed to roam widely, foraging for themselves.

Most livestock are herbivores, except for pigs and chickens which are omnivores. Ruminants like cattle and sheep are adapted to feed on grass; they can forage outdoors, or may be fed entirely or in part on rations richer in energy and protein, such as pelleted cereals. Pigs and poultry cannot digest the cellulose in forage, and require cereals and other high-energy foods.

Answer 2

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▶ Primary Sector.

Animal Husbandry➫ A branch of agriculture that deals with the farming & management of domestic animals for their economic utilisation.

♦ Ex:- Bee-keeping

➧ Types 0f Animal Husbandry:-
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❱ Cattle Farming
❱ Poultry Farming
❱ Pisciculture
❱ Apiculture

➧ Benefits of Animal Husbandry:-
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❱ It helps in proper management of the domestic animals.

❱ It helps in producing good quality of breeds.

❱ It helps in proper management & sale of Animals products.

❱ They helps us in providing proper feed, proper shelter h protection against diseases to the domestic animals.

❱ They helps us in developing high yielding breeds of various domestic animals.

➧ Animal Husbandry Includes:-
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[1] Cattle Farming:-
❱ For Milk Production.

[2] Poultry Farming:-
❱ For eggs & Milk production.

[3] Fish Farming:-
❱ For Inland & Marine Fishes.

[4] Bee-Keeping:-
❱ For Honey & Wax.

[5] Pig Farming:-
❱ For Meat Production.

➧ Animals are broadly divided into two categories:-
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[1] Milch Animals:-

❱ These include all the animals that are kept for obtaining milk.

[2] Draught Animals:-

❱ These animals are basically used for the purposes of agriculture & transportation.

➧ Components of the cattle feed:-
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[1] Roughage:-

❱ It is largely composed of fibres like - green fodder & legumes like - berseem & cowpea.

[2] Concentrates:-

❱ This food is basically low in fibres but has relatively higher levels of proteins & other nutrients.

➧ Diseases 0f Cattle are:-
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❱ Parasitic disease could be external parasites are tick mite, lice or internal parasites like worms.

❱ Communicable diseases that are caused by pathogens like - bacteria & viruses.

❱ Non-communicable diseases that are caused due to deficiency of nutrients or malfunctioning of body organs.

➧ Symptoms 0f Sick Animals are:-
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❱ The animal becomes inactive & stops eating food.

❱ It gets away from the other animals & may have fever & shiver.

❱ The dung may be loose & the urine may colored change.

➧ Prevention 0f Cattle Disease are:-
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❱ Keep the animals in spacious, cleaned & airy shelter.

❱ Feed the animals with nutritious feed.

❱ Vaccinate the animals at regular intervals.

❱ Isolation of sick animals is atmost important.

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