presentation on collaborating computing
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1... COLLABORATIVE COMPUTING TECHNOLOGIES: GROUP SUPPORT SYSTEMS
2... Learning Objectives Understand concepts and fundamentals of groupwork, communications, and collaboration. Examine how computer systems enhance communication and collaboration. Understand the principles and capabilities of GSS. Explore the concepts of time/place frameworks. Learn how GSS interplays with the concepts of process gain and loss, and task gain and loss. Understand the fundamentals of electronic meetings. Examine GSS’ three technologies. Learn how the Web enables GSS, electronic meetings, and collaborative computing. Explain hoe distance learning is enabled by GSS. Show how GSS enhances creativity.
3... Collaborative Design at Boeing-Rocketdyne Problem Drive the cost of rocket engine down 95% Get the engine to market 10 time faster Require radical new design, significant creativity, and unusual innovation Solution Created expert team from business partner Used collaborative technology Internal Notebook : Members could access the software securely from anywhere. Could create, comment on, reference-link, search, and short-entries also use electronic whiteboard that allowed multiple team members near-instance access. Cont……….
4... Collaborative Design at Boeing-Rocketdyne Solution Project Vault : A software allowed secured common file storage and transfer of these files on as-needed basis. Software tools and protocol were modified and allowed which allowed face-to-face meeting, content was posted online for group sharing. Major tools used to support the lengthy virtual meetings by teleconferencing and videoconferencing. Used powerful desktop analysis software to analyse designs during the meeting, so results could be discussed in real-time and evaluted through brainstorming.
5... Collaborative Design at Boeing-Rocketdyne Result Designed a product made of 6 parts instead of normal 1200 Cost $0.5 million from $14 million Quality level 9 sigma from 2-6 sigma Team did all this in 10 months instead of 6 years Production cost $47,000 instead of $4.5 million and with more than a 5 percent reduction in total engineering hours.
6... Making decisions in Groups : Characteristics Groupwork Work done by two or more people together. Members can be located in different places and work at different times Information may be located external to the project Allows for rapid solutions May exhibit normal team problems of synergy or conflict Often Internet based Groupware tools support groupwork Work called computer-supported cooperative work
7... Group Decision-Making Process Even in hierarchical organizations, decision making is usually a shared process. The following activities and process characterize meetings: The decision situation is important, so it is advisable to make it in a group in a meeting Joint activity Outcome of the meeting depends partly on the knowledge, opinions, judgement and composition of its participants. Differences in opinion are settled either by the ranking person, or through negotiation or arbitration. They can be virtual team May be beneficial or dissatisfaction
8... Benefits and limitation of group work Process gains are the benefit of working in group It provides learning. Groups are better than individuals at understanding problems People readily take ownership and responsibility Group members have their egos embedded in the decision Groups are better than individuals at catching errors A group has more information A group may produce synergy Working in group may stimulate the creativity A group may have better and more precise communication working together Risk propensity is balanced
9... Benefits and limitation of group work Dysfunction may occur Process loss Social pressure of conformity may result in groupthink It’s a time consuming, slow process, costly There can be lack of coordination of the meeting and poor meeting planning Inappropriate influence Some members may afraid to speak up Can be compromised solutions of poor quality Too much information Incomplete, incorrect and inappropriate
10... Improving the meeting Process Researchers have developed methods for improving the process of group work; that is, increasing some of the benefits of meeting and eliminating of reducing some of the losses. Two representative methods Delphi method : is a qualitative forecasting methodology that uses anonymous questionnaires. Nominal group thinking : is a simple brainstorming process for non-electronic meeting.